northern three-toed woodpecker. 45 
^8s * 
We unfit pp vv ,^! the detailed ones found in some works, 
in s ; 2e a .^ , , de that tlle species is subject to variations 
impression • ma F e ’ which, according- to the erroneous 
account,. ,1 f ne , n hy authors, could not be satisfactorily 
l >ms 2 difference of sex, age, or locality: 
or parti v C1 - mcns the cervix is described white, 
hack is "also * '"stead of being wholly black: the 
indeed the . SMd *°. waved with white ; which is 
young birds Ti RU< 'he cervix also, but only in 
Could not. I,,’ v 1 , tl, : re J ,s a circumstance, however, that 
for while som , a . b y supposing a difference of age, 
°f white or e „ s l )e cimens ar e seen with no appearance 
as well as ti, < i i°"j on the crown, but having that part, 
good deal of 1° ' - ’ r ' f; h shining black, others with a 
hlack, much y< : llow °. n that, part, are of a duller 
and intricate nt 'd with white. As in other doubtful 
a close i ns . ^? es ’ these obscurities are dissi])ated by 
nature, and wp C f and unprejudiced observation of 
to unveil to i m . ut 'h gratification in being enabled 
°f phunao'e 'plog'sts the mystery of these diversities 
8 ®Xual differen . , 1S s P ee ' es > hy merely pointing out the 
gradual chanm. r!’ aS " e *l as those originating in the 
which, when n) , r< i m you | * to maturity in both sexes; 
ex traordinarv tb' < - rSt °v.^’ "’ d not be found more 
The, aduT/ff , m n° ther s l ,ecies - 
author, nor inti!'' *' as "ever been recognized by any 
misled by ofte *;^ 0 ’, ? ven b y ourselves” having been 
We have only ku 'S the young for her; and this 
specimens. She k )y inspecting a great many 
ln the minutest n;iw;!.? < i 1 ’ S< - V s "nilar to the male, even 
yellow on the head this f'*’ excepting the absence of 
hlack. ’ ' P^t being of a rich and glossy 
fSioJirSlrJrf'thf.'" T, of * i tie 
sw «tb ° jf°rar T,r''- • cmwh “ 
“fe obscure y& , veas ’ lver y a PP eara uce; the cheek bands 
varied S * he ™ - more or 
“ Wlth white, and the feathers of the back 
