124 
EMBERIZA LAPPONICA. 
the species have been thoughtlessly multiplied; th® 1 ^ 
are in reality but two, the present, and snow bunth$ 
of Wilson. 
The male Lapland longspur, in full breeding dress, f 
nearly seven inches long, and twelve and a quarter 111 
extent; the bill is nearly half an inch long, yell 1 -'"' 
blackish at the point; the irides are hazel, and the f® e . 
dusky; the head is thickly furnished with feathery 
tile forepart of the neck, throat, and the breast, " r } 
glossy black ; the hind-head is of a fine reddish rusty’ 
a white line arises from the base of the bill to the ey ft 
behind which it becomes wider, descending on the sid ® 8 
of the neck somewhat round the breast ; the belly a”? 
vent are white ; the Hanks posteriorly with long black ' 8 ; 1 
streaks ; the back and scapulars are brownish bhu'k' 
the feathers being skirted with rusty ; the smaller wi°fT 
coverts are blackish, margined with white ; the great®" i 
coverts margined with rufous, and white at tip, form'"} 
two white bands across the wings; the primaries af® 
blackish, edged with white; secondaries emarginst®, 
at tip, dusky, edged with rusty ; the wings when elos c 
reach to three-fourths the tail; the tail is two an 1 } , 
half inches in length, rather forked, and of a black } 8 
colour; the outer feather on each side with a wh**® 
cuneiform spot; and the outer web almost entirW 
white; the second with a white cuneiform spot on 
The hind nail is almost an inch low. 
The adult female is somewhat smaller than the ma'®' 
In spring, she has the top of the head, the should® 1 * 
back, and wing-coverts brownish black, the featb®^ 
being edged with rusty; the sides of the head, black'? 1 !! 
intermixed with rusty ; over the eyebrows a whit' s , 
line, as in the male, tinged with rusty ; the nucha *!' 
ramp are brownish rusty, with small black spots ; 
throat is white, encircled with brown; remaining 1 
rior parts, white ; wings and tail as in the other sex'; . 
The male in autumn and winter has the bill bro"'f"'j 
yellow ; irides and feet, brownish. Head, black, vai'j'j 
with small spots of rusty ; auriculars, partly end' ® l . . 
with black feathers ; throat, yellowish white, fi° e ' 
