SPECIES OF BIRDS. 
313 
tlie crown flat, but the marking of colour the same, 
file same is the case with the eastern ; but this is much 
Smaller than the immediately preceding, and has a more 
Render bill and more highly arched crown. It lives 
*0 the countries extending from Egypt to Bucliaria. 
Ike last species to be mentioned is the Pyrgita arcuata, 
from the Cape of Good Hope, which in marking 
Ambles the immediately preceding ; but, in the male, 
ther,, is a distinct white stripe under the eye. It is 
kilo, there are varieties of these species : thus, in 
Southern Germany there occur, although but rarely, 
jnale house sparrows, in which the head is entirely 
(town ; and in Egypt individuals occur which approach 
ln coloured delineation to ours. But these circumstan- 
ces do not, in the opinion of Brchm, invalidate his 
distinction of these species, as he states his firm convic- 
tion that the individuals of his different species do not 
Weed together. Temminck says, that the Pyrgita 
^nipma " and domestica do not pair together; and 
fcehm has proved the same to be the case with 
l "o of the German species, viz. Pyrgita domestica 
"id pagorum. Brehm makes out another species, 
k'hich he names Pyrgita septentrionalis, that extends 
‘ r 0m Kiel to Copenhagen, and probably much farther 
?°tthward. It has a flat crown, and short bill and 
freed. A species occurs at Trieste of the same size, 
Mth a short bill and high crown. Two species breed at 
wenthendorf, the one has ratlier a flat crown, but with 
°1ger feet and bill than the northern ; the other has 
ti'e crown much elevated, extended Bill, and short tail. 
Ifris is Brehm’s Pyrgita montana, the other his Pyr- 
campestris. _ 
It is also worthy of notice, that the species differ 
^"eordinn- to their place of residence or locality. Thus, 
jWebm says he has convinced himself, that birds 
l^frabiting cone forests, as those where pines prevail, 
differ from those residing in forests of broad leafed trees, 
*8 Oak, lime, &C. This observation he has made with 
ti>e Emberiza citrinella, or yellow-hammer, Pringilla 
C( * lebs , or chaffinch, Pringilla linota, or linnet, Sylvia 
