SAT 
to ttiiyf^ns to suspect that there might be 
some intermediate one, or else that tlie 
tiftli might liave some other satellite moving 
round it, as its centre. Dr. Halley, in the 
Philosophical Ti ansactions, gives a correc- 
tion of the tlieory of the motions ot the 
fourth or Huy genian satellite. Its true 
period he makes ll"* SS’' 4l' 6". 
The periodical revolutions, and distances 
of the satellites from the body of Saturn, ex- 
pressed in semidiameters of that planet, 
and in miles, are as follow : 
& 
s 
C3 
<0 
Periods. 
^ 
Distances in 
Diam. of 
Orbit. 
Semidi- 
ameLers. 
Miles. 
1 
l'‘2li>18'27" 
170,000 
l' 27'' 
2 
2 17 41 22 
5 ^ 
217,000 
1 52 
3 
4 12 25 12 
8 
303,000 
2 36 
4 
15 22 41 13 
18 
704,000 
6 18 
5 
79 7 48 0 
54 
■2.050,000 
17 4 
6 
1 8 53 9 
1,35,000 
1 14 
7 
0 22 40 46 
“*6 
107,000] 
0 57 
The four first describe ellipses like to 
those of the ring, and are in the same plane. 
Their inclination to the ecliptic is from 
30 to 31 degrees. The fifth describes an 
orbit inclined from if to 18 degrees with the 
orbit of Saturn ; his plane lying between 
the ecliptic and those of the other satellites, 
&c. Dr. Herschel observes that the fifth 
satellite turns once round its axis exactly in 
the time in which it revolves about the 
planet Saturn ; in which respect it resem- 
bles our Moon, which does the same thing. 
And he makes the angle of its distance from 
Saturn, at his mean distance, 17' 2 '. Phi- 
losophical Transactions, 1792, p. 22. See 
a long account of observations of tliese sa- 
tellites, with tables of their mean motions, 
by Dr. Herschel. Philosophical Transac- 
tion, 1790. 
The Herschel has six satellites, or moons, 
that revolve about him, like those of Jupiter 
and Saturn. These satellites were disco- 
vered by Dr. Herschel, who gave an ac- 
count of them in the Philosophical Trans- 
actions. 
SATIN, a glossy kind of silk stuff, the 
warp of which is very fine, and stands out 
so as to cover the coarser woof. Some 
satins are quite plain, others wrought; 
some flowered with gold pr silver, and 
others striped, &c. The Chinese satins are 
most valued, because of their cleaning and 
bleaching easily, without losing any thing of 
SAT 
their lustre ; in other respects they are ih-* 
ferior to those of Europe. 
SATINET, a slight thin kind of satin, 
commonly striped, and chiefly used by the 
ladies for summer night gowns. 
SATURATION, in chemistry. As there 
are certain limits to the proponions in 
which bodies combine together, beyond 
which they cannot pass, these are called the 
points of saturation ; and when two bodies, 
in uniting together, have reached this point, 
they are said to be saturated, or the one 
body is said to be saturated with the other; 
in other words, the change has taken place, 
and a new compound is formed. AVhen, 
for instance, a salt is dissolved in water, as 
common salt, the water combines only with 
a certain proportion ; and whatever quanti- 
ty of salt is added beyond this proportion, 
it falls to the bottom Undissolved. The rea- 
son of this is, that the particles of the salt are 
held together by their affinity for each 
other ; that is, by tlie force of cohesion. 
Now, before any combination can be ef- 
fected between the particles of the salt 
and the water, this force must be overcome. 
The force of affinity, therefore, between 
the water and the particles of salt, is greater 
than that between the particles of salt 
themselves, and thus they are separated 
and dissolve in the water ; but this force of 
affinity between the water and the salt is lb 
mited ; and when it has arrived at its ut. 
most limit, the action between the two bo- 
dies ceases. The two forces which were 
opposed to each other ; that is, the force of 
affinity between the water and the salt on 
the one hand, and the force of cohesion be- 
tween the particles of the salt on the other, 
are balanced. The water in this case is 
said to be saturated wdth salt. 
SATUREIA, in botany, savory, a gCnus 
of the Didynamia Gymnosperraia class and 
order. Natural order of Verticillatm. La- 
bial*, Jussieu. Essential Character: co- 
rolla with segments nearly equal ; stamina 
distant. There are eight species, S. horten- 
sis, or summer savory, is an animal plant, 
which grows naturally in the south of 
France and Italy, but is cultivated in this 
country both for the kitchen and medicinal 
use. The S. montana, or w-inter savory, a 
perennial plant, growing naturally in the 
south of France and Italy, but is cultivated 
in gardens both for culinary and medicinal 
purposes. Both kinds are propagated by 
seeds. Summer savory is a very warm 
pungent aromatic, and atfords in distillation 
with water a subtile essential oil, of a 
