SHIP BUILDING. 
7 inches ; at 18, ,17 feet 2 inches ; at 24, 15 
feet 3 inches ; at 30, 12 feet 3 inches ; and at 
36, 7 feet. Draw a fair curve through these 
spots, and the length of all the sweeps 
be obtained, then transfer the length at 0 
and the timbers before it, and set them oft 
with the half breadth of their respective 
timbers on their corresponding height of 
breadth lines in the fore-body plan, sweep- 
ing arch about 9 feet below each height. 
In the same manner transfer the heights 
for the centres of the floor-sweeps, from 
the sheer to the body-plan, and on those 
heights, from the middle line, set off the cor- 
responding rising half breadths, their inter- 
sections being the centres from which each 
floor may be swept by the following radii, 
without its rising half breadth, the radius at 
0 is 11 feet, and what this is above the 
upper-edge of the keel is called the dead 
rising. The radius at F is 13 feet 7 inches; 
at K, 20 feet, 3 inches. Then with a curved 
mould, some times called a reconciling sweep, 
(as in some bodies it might be a portion of 
a circle), placed so as to cut the back of 
the lower and floor-sweeps, the timber 0 
will be represented almost to the keel, and 
so may the other timbers as far as K ; then 
to complete them to the keel, set off the 
half siding of the keel, which is 9 inches, on 
each side the middle line in the body plan, 
below the line for its upper edge, and draw 
a lice on each side parallel to the middle 
line; then with compasses, opened to 4 inches, 
make two arcs, on each side, from the upper 
side of the keel, to cross each other towards 
the middle line ; draw a straight from the 
upper, and another from the lower, side 
of the rabbit, to intersect the arcs at equal 
angles, and the rabbit of the keel will be 
shown. Then a straight line,, or a mould 
a little hollow, (.sometimes called floor- 
hollow), placed to the siding of the keel 
at the uppfer-edge of the rabbit, and to cut 
the back of the floor-sweep, the timbers 
as far as K may be completed as far as 
the keel. 
Now, as the other timbers approachw^e 
stem in the fore body, and those towards 
the stern post in the after body differ in 
shape materially from those timbers near 
the midships, it will be necessary to draw 
in several horizontal or water lines as they 
are called ; for supposing the ship was float- 
ing on an even keel, and in an upright posi- 
tion, sections from side to side would thus 
be formed by the water. Here also we 
would show that every attention has been 
paid, and notice to our reader* that vessels, 
in general, are found in their best sailing 
trim when they incline abaft from one ‘ 
to two feet, and sometimes more, particu- 
larly sharp constructed bodies, and that the 
upper one being the load- water line, is drawn 
to this inclination, and that the several 
water lines below it have been kept parallel 
thereto ; thus in the common mode of repre- 
senting the water lines, in the half breadth 
plan, their correct shape at Arose places 
was not accurately ascertained, and as it 
is not necessary they should be so drawn, 
horizontal lines are more preferable, and 
more useful ; therefore draw in the sheer- 
plan five horizontal lines, above the upper 
edge of the keel, 3 feet 8 inches asunder. 
Now as these lines are parallel to the 
keel, they will be shown by straight lines 
parallel to each other across the body plan; 
otherwise, were they inclined lines in the 
sheer plan, they would form curves at their 
heights in the body plan, but in either case 
they form curves in the half breadth plan, 
limiting the half breadth of the ship at the 
height of their corresponding lines in the 
sheer plan, and these being the lines, we are 
now about to represent, let their formation 
forward and aft be very nicely considered, for 
it is easy to conceive as they approach the 
keel, and finish into the stem and stern post, 
or vanish there, we may say they must taper 
very suddenly at those places, yet let not 
their form partake of hollow concave in- 
flected curves, but as little as possible, and 
not at all forward, as it has been prov- 
ed a mistaken notion of giving velocity. 
Proceed then, as before directed, to set off 
on each corresponding timber from the 
middle line of the half breadth plan the fol- 
lowing half breadths, and first, for the upper 
or fifth waterline, set offatS, 19 feet; at-O, 
22 feet 7 inches ; at K, 23 feet 6 inches ; at 
F, 23 feet 10 inches ; at 0, 23 feet 11 inches ; 
at 6, 23 feet 11 inches. Observe between - 
6 and F the water lines are kept parallel, 
or nearly so, to the main half breadth line : 
set off at 12, 23 feet 10| inches; at 18, 23 
feet 4 inches ; at 24, 22 feet 3 inches ; at 30, 
19 feet 7 inches; and at 36, 8 feet o inches. 
Now to end the aft part correctly, square 
down, from the nearest perpendicular, where 
the aft side of the rabbit of Are post is cut 
by the fifth or' upper waterline, in the sheer 
plan, down to the middle line of the half 
breadth plan, from whence square up a line, 
on which set up the half thickness of the stem 
post from the body plan; but in order to 
do this, set off the half thickness of the stern 
post from the middle line, in after body plan, 
