SHIP BUILDING. 
three munions of 10 inches broad each, and 
three lights about 2 feet 2 inches in the 
clear ; draw the bottom of the lights about 
5 inches attove the upper rim, and the up- 
per part of the lights about 3 inches below 
the underside of the upper stool-rail : hence 
the quarters are complete. To finish the 
stern abaft, and above the upper counter, 
set abaft the middle stern timber on the 
upper side of the quarter deck, 2 feet 6 
inches, and draw a line upwards parallel to 
the aft side of the timber, and this line wilt 
be the projection of the balcony. On this 
line set down, below the under side of the 
quarter deck about ir inch, from whence 
draw a curve that shall cut the side stern- 
timber at jr inch below the under side of 
the quarter deck at that place, and to break 
in with the under side of the middle stool 
rail, at the aft side of the quarter piece ; 
then draw another curve nearly parallel 
above it, from the upper side of the middle 
stool rail, to project 2 inches abaft the bal- 
cony, and it will represent the aft side view 
of the foot space rail, as far as the middle 
line. Draw an horizontal line at the upper 
sifie of the foot space rail abaft, then take 
the upper side of the middle rim above the 
middle stool-rail, and set it up in the same 
manner above tlje horizontal line last drawn^ 
to cut the aft side of the balcony, and from 
thence draw a curve parallel to the foot- 
space rail, to the inside of the quarter-piece, 
which is represented by a line drawn paral- 
lel to the aft side of the quarter-piece, 
at about 4 inches within it, then draw an- 
other curve parallel below the former, to 
the depth of the upper rim, and the breast 
rail of the balcony will be represented 
also. Then draw a parallel line 3 inches 
abaft the middle stern-timber, from the un- 
der side of the foot space rail down to tire 
upper counter rail, and that will show the 
after munion at the middle of the stern. 
Now draw in the taffrail and upper part 
of the quarter-piece, which unite in one 
view at the side. Set up 3 feet above the 
upper side of the round-house, at the mid- 
dle stern-timber, and draw a line to the 
sheer, which will be the upper side of the 
taffrail ; then draw a line 3 inches abaft the 
middle timber, and parallel to it, which 
will be the aft side of tlic taffrail birthing ; 
then set up the side stern-timber on its 
rake, 3 feet above the breast rail, for the 
cove, or arching, of the quarter-piece ; then 
fr om the under side of the taffrail, which 
may be about ir inch below the under side 
of the round-house transom, draw a curve 
to the trass munion on the side stern-tiirs- 
ber, then set down 2 feet below the upper 
side of the taffrail, and from thence draw 
another curve, to break in with the former 
at the truss-munion, which represent the 
taffrail cove rail ; then set up 5 feet above 
the breast rail, at the side stern tinrber on 
the rake, and finish the upper part of the 
quarter-piece to this height by a round pa- 
rallel to that at the cove; then draw a 
curve from the aft side of the taffrail down 
to 3 inches abaft the upper part of the 
quarter-piece at the side-timber, and an- 
other curve, parallel before it, to the siding 
of the quarter-piece, and the stern will be 
complete. 
The rudder now remains to be drawn in 
the sheer plan, which represents its breadth, 
and how it is attached to the stern-post. 
Set up from the upper edge of the keel 19 
feet 6 inches for the lower hance, which 
is generally kept a little above the load wa- 
ter line ; then set up 25 feet for the upper 
hance ; then set aft, from the aft side of the 
stern-post, its breadth at the keel, which is 
5 feet 8 inches, and at the lower hance 4 
feet ; then draw a line to those two breadths, 
and a parallel line 3 inches abaft it for tlie 
back, and the rudder is formed below the 
lower hance, except the heel, which at 
the foreside may come as low down as the 
middle of the main keel, and cut off with 
a line 4 inches short of that at the aft side, 
below which is fixed a sole, equal in depth 
to the false keel, this is to prevent its 
striking, if the ship touches the ground. 
Then draw a moulding at the lower hance, 
so as to reduce the breadth to 3 feet 4 
inched ; then set aft 3 feet at the upper 
hance, and join the two last breadths by a 
straight line ; then reduce the upper hance, 
with an ogee mdulding, to 2 feet 6 inches ; 
then set off 2 feet 4 inches, the breadth at 
the head ; now the head must run up high 
enough to take a tiller above the upper 
deck ; therefore set up above the deck 3 
feet, and continue upwards the aft side of 
the stern-post, which will represent the fore 
side of the rudder ; then set aft the breadth 
of the head as above, and join it with a 
straight line to the breadth at the upper 
hance, and the aft side of the rudder will 
be represented, 'fh® pintles and bracea 
may next be drawn, and as the straps of the 
upper brace must come round the head of 
the standard on the gun deck, and, meeting 
in the middle, becomes a double security 
to the brace ; therefore its under side may 
be about 3 inches above the upper side of 
