TIL 
wards the soutli pole, the water rises and 
falls again, as before; but it is high water 
now at the rising, and low water at tire 
setting, of the moon. 
Tide tables, are those which set forth 
the times of high water at sundry places, as 
they fall on the days of the full and change 
of moon. These are common in many al- 
manacs, particularly in White’s Ephemeris, 
Nautical Almanac, &c. ' 
Tide waiters, or Tidesmen, are inferior 
officers belonging to the custom-house, whose 
employment it is to watch or attend upon 
ships, until the customs be paid : they get 
this name from their going on board ships, 
on their arrival in the mouth of the Thames 
or other port, and so come up with the tide. 
TIERCE, or Teirce, a measure of liquid 
things, as wine, oil, &c. containing the third 
part of a pipe, or forty-two gallons. 
TIERCED, tierce, in heraldry, denotes 
the shield to be divided by any of the par- 
tition lines, as party, conpy, tranchy, or 
tailly, into three equal parts of different 
colours or metals. 
TIGER. See Feeis. 
TILE ore, in mineralogy, a .species of 
the copper genus, divided into two sub- 
species ; viz. the earthy and indurated. The 
earth is of a hyacinth-red colour, passing 
through various shades to a reddish brown ; 
it is intermediate between friable and solid, 
^and occurs massive, disseminated, and in- 
crusting copper pyrites. It slightly soils ; 
is almost coherent, and some varieties in- 
cline to solid. It is found in veins, aad is 
usually accompanied with native copper 
and malachite, and sometimes with red 
copper ore. The indurated tile-ore is in 
colour between a hyacinth-red and brownish 
red : it occurs massive aad disseminated, 
internally glimmering. Before the blow- 
pipe it becomes black ; but is icfcsible with- 
out addition : it contains from ten to fifty 
per cent, of copper: it occb.s in veins, and 
is usually accompanied with copper pyrites, 
fibrous malachite, End iron ochre. It is 
found in many parts of Germany, in the 
copper works in Norway; in Siberia and 
in Chili. The red varieties contain the 
greatest quantities of copper, aad the brown 
the greatest quantity of iron. It occurs in 
almost every place where red copper-ore is 
found : its name is derived from its colour, 
and the name of tiie sub-species from its 
state of cohesion. 
TILIA, in botany, lime-tree, a genns of 
the Polyandria Monogynia class and order. 
Natural order of Ct^lamniferae. Tiliaceae, 
TIM 
Jussieu. Essential character: calyx five- 
parted; corolla five-petalled ; capsule coria- 
ceous, globular, five-celled, five-valved, 
opening at the base, one-seeded. There 
are four species, among which is the T. 
Europaea, European lime-tree, or linden, is 
a tall upright tree, with smooth spreading 
branches, thickly clothed with alternate, 
heart-shaped, smooth, serrate leaves, point- 
ed at the end, oblique at the base, glaucous 
beneath, and the veins, where they branch off 
from the Ecrve, being furnished with a tuft 
of glandular wool, as in the laurustinus ; tlie 
flowers, which are didightfully fragrant, es- 
pecially at night, come forth in July, in um- 
bels or cymes, on long axillary peduncles ; 
calyx green, with a downy edge; petals 
yellowish, concave ; stamens filiform ; stig- 
ma five-cieft ; germ villose, depressed ; cap- 
sule smooth, with from four to eight unequal 
angles, commonly oae-celled and one-seeded. 
TILLjEA, in botany, so named in honour 
of Michael Angelo Tilli, professor of botany 
at Pica, a genus of the Tetrandria Tetragy- 
nia class and order. Natural order of Suc- 
culentae. Senqierviv®, Jussieu. Essential 
character : calyx three or four-parted ; pe- 
tals three or four, equal ; capsule three or 
four, many-seeded. There are eight species. 
Tiller of a ship, a strong piece of wood 
fastened in the head of the rudder, and in 
small ships and boats called the helm. In 
ships of war, and other large vessels, the 
tiller is fastened to the rudder in the gun 
room : and to the other end there are ropes 
fastened, which pass upwards to the quar- 
ter deck, where the ship is steerfed by means 
of a v'heel. 
TiLLANDSIA, in botany, so named in 
memory of Elias Tillandsius, professor of 
physic at Aboa, a genus of the Hexandria 
Monogynia class and order. Natural order 
of Coronariae. Bromeliae, Jussieu. Essen- 
tial character : calyx trifid permanent; co- 
rolla trifid, bell-shaped; capsule one-celled; 
seeds comose. There are sixteen species. 
TILT boat, a boat covered with a tilt ; 
that is, a cloth or tarpaulin, sustained by 
hoops, for the sheltering of passengers. 
TIMBER, includes all kinds of felled 
and seasoned woods. Of all the different 
kinds, known in Europe, oak is the best for 
building, and even when it lies exposed to 
air and water, there is none equal to it. 
Fir-timber is the next in degree of goodness 
for building, especially in this country, 
where they build upon leases. It differs 
from oak in this, that it requires not much 
seasoning, and tterefore no great stock i» 
