6 
THE HISTORY OF 
who neglected no occasion to mortify the Dutch, did not afterwarcis call them 
to account for this breach of faith. However, after the restoration, the king 
sent a squadron of his ships of war, under the command of sir Robert Carr, 
and reduced that province to his obedience. 
Some time after, his majesty was pleased to grant that country to his royal 
highness, the duke of York, by letters patent, dated March the T2th, 1664. 
But to show the modesty of the Dutch to the life, though they had no shadow 
of right to New York, yet they demanded Surinam, a more valuable country, 
as an equivalent for it, and our able ministers at that time had the generosity 
to give it them. 
But what wounded Virginia deepest was the cutting off Maryland from it, 
by charter from king Charles I. to sir George Calvert, afterwards lord Balti- 
more, bearing date the 20th of June, 1632. The truth of it is, it begat much 
speculation in those days, how it came about that a good protestant king 
should bestow so bountiful a grant upon a zealous Roman catholic.' But it is 
probable it was one fatal instance amongst many other of his majesty’s com- 
plaisance to the queen. 
However that happened, it is certain this province afterwards proved a 
commodious retreat for persons of that communion. The memory of the 
gunpowder treason-plot was still fresh in every body’s mind, and made Eng- 
land too hot for papists to live in, without danger of being burnt with the 
pope, every 5th of November; for which reason legions of them transplanted 
themselves to Maryland in order to be safe, as well from the insolence of the 
populace as the rigour of the government. 
Not only the gunpowder treason, but every other plot, both pretended and 
real, that has been trumped up in England ever since, has helped to people his 
lordship’s propriety. But what has proved most serviceable to it was the grand 
rebellion against king Charles L, when every thing that bore the least tokens 
of popery was sure to be demolished, and every man that professed it was in 
jeopardy of suffering the same kind of martyrdom the Romish priests do in 
Sweden. 
Soon after the reduction of New York, the duke was pleased to grant out 
of it all that tract of land included between Hudson and Delaware rivers, to 
the lord Berkley and sir George Carteret, by deed dated June the 24th, 1664. 
And when these grantees came to make partition of this territory, his lord- 
ship’s moiety was called West Jersey, and that to sir George, East Jersey. 
But before the date of this grant, the Swedes began to gain footing in part 
of that country; though, after they saw the fate of New York, they were 
glad to submit to the king of England, on the easy terms of remaining in their 
possessions, and rendering a moderate quit-rent. Their posterity continue 
there to this day, and think their lot cast in a much fairer land than Dalicarlia. 
The proprietors of New Jersey, finding more trouble than profit in their 
new dominions, made over their right to several other persons, who obtained 
a fresh grant from his royal highness, dated March the 14th, 1682. 
Several of the grantees, being quakers and anabaptists, failed not to en- 
courage many of their own persuasion to remove to this peaceful region. 
Amongst them were a swarm of Scots quakers, who were not tolerated to 
exercise the gifts of the spirit in their own country. 
Besides the hopes of being safe from persecution in this retreat, the new 
proprietors inveigled many over by this tempting account of the country: 
that it was a place free from those three great scourges of mankind, priests, 
lawyers, and physicians. Nor did they tell them a word of a lie, for the peo- 
ple were yet too poor to maintain these learned gentlemen, who, every where, 
love to be well paid for what they do ; and, like the Jews, cannot breathe in a 
climate where nothing is to be gotten. 
