56 
PIElilD.^. 
wings orange, dull green along the hind margin, shading off into 
bluish at the apex ; parallel to the hind margin is a row of small 
black spots ; the discoidal spot is light in its centre. Hind wings 
dark bluish green, darkest at the base, and becoming yellower 
towards the hind margin, which has a row of faint yellow oblong- 
spots ; discoidal spot silvery, very small, and surrounded by a red 
ring. Fringes of all the wings broad, and deep rose-coloured. 
Head, antenufe, and legs of the latter colour. Thorax and abdomen 
black, clothed with white hairs. PI. XIIL, 1. 
Times of Appearance. — July and August. 
Habitat. — -The Polar regions of Europe and America. It 
seems to occur as far north as any Arctic expedition has yet 
penetrated. In Europe it is found not uncommonly in the north 
of Lapland.* 
Larva and Pupa unknown. 
VARIETY. 
a. Glacialis, M‘Lachlan, Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 108. I 
have examined the specimens alluded to above, as having been 
taken in the high north by Capt. Eielden and Mr. Hart in 1876. 
They are now in the British Museum cabinet, and are of great 
interest. They differ from the type in being of a dull brownish 
yellow, instead of that brilliant colour that we meet with in the 
specimens from Lapland, and are altogether more dusky. They 
seem, however, to be merely varieties of G. Hecla, and are 
American, and not European. 
Obs. — C. Boothii of Curtis is wholly distinct from G. Hecla, 
Lefev., and only occurs in Arctic America. It is smaller, greener, 
and wants a distinct hind-marginal border. 
9. C. Chrysotheme, Esp. 65, 3, 4; Hiib. 426-8; Boisd. Ic. 9, 
3, 4; Er. 301, 3, 4. 
Expands from 1-50 to 1-75 in. The male has all the wings 
pale orange, brightest in the centre, but pale, and occasionally 
greenish towards the margins. The fore wings have rather a 
broad black border, nearly the same width at the anal angle as at 
This species was once tliouglit to iiiliaLit Iceland, but recent observers state 
that the fauna of that island is entirely wanting in butterllies. 
