22 
PAPILIONIDM. 
basal patches and marginal rows of red and blue spots seen in 
Thais. The under side of the hind wings is white, with black 
stripes at the base and anterior margin ; parallel to the hind 
margin is a row of red spots, externally to these some black ones 
powdered with blue in the centres, and outside these a marginal 
row ot ochre crescents. The head, palpi, and antenna resemhle 
those of Tapilio. Habitat, Siberia. 
Genus HYTEIIMNESTTIA, Men. Cat. Mus. Petr. Lep. i. p. 7 
(1855). — Ismene, Nick. Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1846) ; Staudinger, 
Cat. p. 2. Sed novien prceocc. 
H. Helios, Nick.- — Expands 1-50 to 1’75 in. The genus of 
which this species is the only representative combines the charac- 
ters of Tiiais with those of Parnassius. The wings a yellowish white, 
much the same colour as Tiiais Cerisyi, and not semitransparent. 
The fore wings have two black spots in the discoidal cell, as in 
Parnassius, and externally to this two more with large red centres ; 
along the hind margin from the costa to the anal angle runs a 
black band enclosing a row of spots of the same colour as the 
wings. Hind wings with a very narrow black border and black 
spots on the hind margin ; there are two small black spots which 
occupy exactly the same relative position as those on the hind 
wings of the Parnassii. Under side : — Fore wings same as above, 
but lighter ; the apices are greyish green, and the red spots are 
larger than on the upper surface. Hind wings white, chequered 
with greyish green, the mottling showing through, so as to be 
slightly visible above : the two black spots have orange centres, 
but are very minute. The female has a black spot on the upper 
surface of the fore wings placed near the centre of the inner 
margin : this sex is unprovided with an abdominal pouch as in 
Parnassius. Habitat, the region of the South-East of the Caspian 
Sea, Turkestan and Persia, in April and May. The Larva feeds 
on Zygopiiyllu’in Turcoinanum. 
Genus PAPNASSIUS, Latr. 
]\ Apoiio, var. Siiiiricus, Nord., has been already alluded to. 
J’. Noviion, Fisch. Ent. Pioss. ii. p. 242 (1823) ; H.-S. Schmet. 
