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black powdered with blue ; a black baud passes across the whig, 
having the appearance of being prolonged from the long baud of 
the fore wing. A conspicuous elongated black spot closes the 
discoidal cell. A very small eye of red, blue, and black appears at 
the anal angle. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow, on the dorsal 
aspect black. Anteume black, with straight clubs which are tipped 
with yellow. PI. I., 3. 
Times of Appearance. — May till the end of June. 
Habitat. — The South of France, Switzerland, Tyrol, and 
North Italy, Greece, Western Asia, and Persia. This is essentially 
an Alpine species and very local, inhabiting mountain gorges. 
Larva bright green, each segment marked anteriorly with a 
black band interrupted with yellow spots. The V-shaped process on 
the second segment reddish. Feeds on Seseli montanum and various 
alpine umbelliferous plants. Time of appearance, July. PI. V., 2. 
3. P. Machaon, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 750; Esp. i. 1 ; Hiib. 
390, 391. 
Expands 2-50 to 3-43 in. Wings yellow. Eore wings black 
at the base, dusted with yellow, the hind margin with a broad 
black band, powdered with yehow, with marginal yellow lunules ; 
nervures of wing black and distinct. Hind wings with the hind 
margin black, powdered with blue, and a marginal row of yellow 
lunules ; this black margin has a well-defined edge internally ; 
discoidal mark not so conspicuous as in the last species. The eye 
at the anal angle is round or ovoid and well defined, being blue 
and duU red from above downwards. The tail straight and shorter 
than in the preceding species, but well formed. The body is yellow, 
with a black dorsal band. Antennae black, with the clubs curved. 
PI. I., 4. 
Times of Appearance. — From May to end of August. 
Habitat. — The whole of Europe (except the Polar Eegions), 
Syria, Egypt, and North Africa. It occurs also throughout Northern 
and Eastern Asia, India, and China. It frequents woods, fields, 
gardens, and road-sides ; in fact, it is a generally-distributed species 
in the lowlands, but does not ascend to any great elevation in 
mountainous districts. As a British insect it is extremely local. 
