178 
NYMPUALIDM. 
three black indentations of ditferent sizes. The white spots at the 
apex are smaller than in Atalanta. The markings of the under 
side differ somewhat from those of Atalanta, as will be seen in the 
ligure, the most notable difference being the almost entire 
obliteration of the light yellow patch on the costa of the hind 
wings. PI. XLII., 1. 
Time op Appeaeance. — August. 
Habitat. — China and Northern India ; the Canaries, chiefly 
the Isle of Teiierifle, whence it has been imported and has 
become acclimatised in the South of Portugal and Andalusia ; 
so that it is now always considered a European butterfly, being 
included in Staudiuger’s Catalogue and in that of Berce. 
Lakva. — Undescribed. Milliere savs it feeds on nettles, like 
that of Atalanta. 
Obs. — Never having seen a European example of this species, 
I am obliged to make use of Alilliere’s representation of a 
Portuguese example received from I)r. Staudinger. 
12. — V. Cardui, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. 475; Esp. 10, 3; Hiib. 75, 
76; 0. I. 1, 102. 
Expands from 2 to 2‘80 in. All the wings are jiale reddish 
orange, sometimes with pinkish tinge, spotted and mottled with 
black; bases blackish. The fore wings are black at the apex, with 
four or live white spots. The hind wings have two rows of black 
spots running parallel to the hind margin. Under side : The fore 
wings are pink, the apex grey, tinged with yellow, and with large 
white spots. The hind wings are yellowish grey, marbled with 
different colours, and with several white spots, a triangular one in 
the centre being the most conspicuous. Along the bind margin is 
a blue line, interrupted with yellowish white ; and internal to this 
a row of dark blue eyes in pale rings, outlined with dark brown. 
PI. XLIL, 2. 
Times OF Appeaeance. — March to June, after hybernation; 
and from July to the end of autumn. 
Habitat. — A truly cosmopolitan species, being found in every 
})art of the world, excepting i)erhaj)S the Polar regions. It occurs 
