ARGYNXIS. 
211 
the var. Cleodoxa of Adippe have been confounded with it. A. Niohe 
is found in woods, and ascends to a much greater elevation in the 
mountains than A. Adippe. 
Larva. — According to Guenee, brown, with a black dorsal 
stripe bordered with white ; lateral stripe black ; between the 
lateral and dorsal stripes are some white spots. Feeds on Viola 
tricolor and odorata in May. PI. LIII., 5. 
VARIETIES. 
a. Eris, Meig. i. p. 64, T. 14, 5, 6. — -Cleodoxa, Esp. 94. — Niohe, 
Linn. Faun. Suec. 281 ; Hiib. 61, 62 ; Fit. 199, 337 ; Hbst. T. 
26, 3, 10 ; H. S. 142-3. — This is the most common form of the 
species. It resembles the type above, but beneath it has the hind 
wings brown mixed with greenish grey, the light spots being light 
yellow, with a slightly greenish tinge, and without any trace of 
silver ; the inner margin is greenish. Sometimes the reddish 
spots outside the central row have very small silvery centres, and 
occasionally a slight silvery tinge is seen on the light markings, 
especially on those along the hind margins ; there are in fact 
intermediate forms between .Niohe and Eris. This variety is very 
like the analogous variety of Adippe, Cleodoxa, but on comparing 
them the differences will be at once seen. PL L., 3. 
0 . Pelopia, Bkh. i. 36 ; Hbst. 269, 3, 4. — An aberration thus 
named and figured by Borkhausen sometimes occurs in which the 
wings are more or less suffused with black by the extension of the 
black markings. All the larger species of Argynnis are subject 
occasionally to this melanic variation, as well as the smaller ones — 
such as Euphrosyne and Selene. It may also be mentioned here that it 
is not a very uncommon thing to find on the wings of species of this 
genus white patches, owing to the absence of pigment in the scales. 
Sometimes the marks are placed irregularly, and sometimes are 
perfectly symmetrical ; I look upon them as the result of accidental 
causes, and in fact as analogous to the pathological condition 
sometimes found in the human skin and known as leucoderma.* 
* Mr. A. E. Hudd, of Clifton, has recently shown me a specimen of 
AFelitma Didyma, taken in Switzerland, in which the ground colour of the 
wings is entirely white. The specimen is not a worn one, and has all the 
appearance of having emerged in its present condition, 
