COCCOTH E AU STINiE. 
These showy birds are peculiar to the southern parts of North, and the northern parts of South America. In the 
Northern States they are migratory ; but in the lower parts of Pennsylvania they reside during the whole year, fre- 
quenting the borders^ of creeks and 7 rivulets, in sheltered hollows covered with holly, laurel, and other evergreens. 
They love also to reside in the vicinity of fields of Indian corn, a grain that constitutes their chief and favourite food. 
The seeds of appl2! cherries, and many other sorts of fruits, are also eaten by them ; and they are accused of destroy- 
m Theh nests are composed of small twigs, tops of dry weeds, and slips of vine bark, lined with stalks of fine grass. 
They are g£era% fi3 either on a holly or laurel bush. The female lays four eggs thickly marked all over with 
touches of brownish olive, on a dull white ground. 
b C. virginianus Pr. Bonap. PI. enl. 37- — Loxia cardinalis 
Linn. 
2- C. Carlsoni (Daud.) — Loxia cardinalis Sparr. Carls. Mus. t. 
; Loxia fulgens Less. 
3. C. phoeniceus Gould, Proc. Z. S. 1837- 111- 
4. C. sinuatus Pr. Bonap. Proc. Z. S. 1837- 1 H- 
5. C. carneus Less. Rev. Zool. 184*2.209. 
COCCOTHRAUSTES BrisS .* 
BiU conic, very broad at the base; the culmen slightly arched to the tip, rounded, and smooth; the 
lateral margins angulated at the base, slightly arched, entire, and inilexed ; the lower mandible 
wmewhat smaller than the upper, with the gonys very long, and advancing upwards to the tip; the 
nostrils basal, lateral, oval, and concealed by the frontal plumes. Wmgs lengthened and acute, the first 
tether shorter than the second, the second and third the longest. Tail short, more or less forked. 
T <*ni shorter than the midcUe toe. The outer Toe somewhat longer than the inner, the hind toe strong , 
ail( l the claws strong, curved, and acute. 
.They are found in various parts of Europe, North America, mid the northern parts of India, ^ S 
n , 'ignitions in search of the fruits and seeds on which they feed. ie grea s reng , ‘ p their nests 
C u; I n 'y stones, almonds, pecans, &c„ for the kernels. It is m the upper branches of 
w ;th great taste, of vegetable fibres and lichen, lined with feathers, &c. ; m which they deposit from two to hve e e g , 
°t a yellowish grey, spotted and streaked with brown and blackish grey. 
b C. vulgaris Briss. PI. enl. 99. 100. — Loxia Coccothraustes 
Linn, j Coccothraustes europteus Selby Coccothraustes deformis 
Koch. 
'• C. melanurus (Gmel.) Jard. and Selby’s 111. Orn.pl. 63. 
3 - C. vespertinus (Coop.) Pr. Bonap. Amer. Orn. pi. 15. f. 1. — 
0c cothraustes Bonapartei Less. 111. Zool . pi. 31. 
4. 0 . icteroides Vigors, Proc. Z. S. 1830. 8., Goulds B. Him. 
5. C. melanoxanthus Hodgs. As. Res. xix. 150.— Coccothraustes 
fortirostris Lafr. 
6. C. otimceus Fras. Proc. Z. S. 1 842. 1 44. 
7. C. carnipes Hodgs. As. Res. xix. 1 50. > 
8. C. ferreorostris Vigors, Zool. Journ. iv. 354. Beechey s 
Voy. Zool. pi. 8. — Fringilla Papa Kittl. Nov. Act. Petersb. pi. 
15 . 
Geospiza Gould, f 
Bill large, robust, higher at the base than long, with the culmen arched, and much advanced on the 
behead into a point ; the sides compressed, the lateral margin slightly sinuated and much angu ate . at 
the base ; the lower mandible very large, broad at the base, with the gonys angulated and advancing 
upwards to the tip ; and the nostrils basal, and partly covered by the frontal plumes. mgs moi u a e, 
With the first quiU rather shorter than the second, which is the longest. Tail very short, arid s ig it y 
rounded. Tarsi strong, rather shorter than the middle toe. Toes long, robust, the lateral ones equa ; 
fho hind toe longer than the inner, and robust ; claws strong and curved. 
trently ar’f" 1>< ? ul / ar 1 t0 Galapag0S near the SasteT’for hereby find, by 
^cifbg t E S 0l ° n f 4 e Slwl the seeds of grasses and other plants, which rapidly 
* 
t 
Tju® division was established by Brisson ( Omithologie ) in 1760. 
Mr. Gould established {Proc. Zool. Son. p. 5.) this genus in 1 837 
and the following genera were proposed at the same time. 
