EMBERIZINiE. 
base, that of the lower mandible much inflected ; the nostrils basal, lateral, and partly hidden by the 
frontal plumes. Wings moderate, with the third and fourth quills equal and longest. Tail moderate 
and rounded. Tarsi the length of the middle toe, and strongly scutellated. Toes long and slender, wit 
‘he lateral ones equal ; the hind toe long and strong ; and the claws moderate and curved. 
IMS species is peculiar to South America, about the twenty-— 
lower portions of the open copses, flying from one to anothe . y 
f <* insects and small grains. Their flight is slow, and not extended to any distance. 
cristatella (Vieill.) G. R. Gray, Vieill. 
Z °ol. 111. 148., Azaia, No. 129. 
Gal. des Ois. t.67. — Emberiza Gubernatnx 
Temm. PI. col. 63, 64.; E. cristata Swains. 
Fringillaria Swains 
m short, conical, acute, with the culmen and gonys straight, and equally sloping to the tip ; the 
literal margins straight, and the base angulated, that of the lower mandible inflected ; the nosti. , 
lateral, and concealed * the frontal feathers. Wings short, with the two first qudls graduated, and the 
‘bird and fourth the longest; the tertials nearly as long as the quills. at eng. ene , w 
"early even or slightly forked. Tarsi slender, longer than the middle toe. Toes small and slender, with 
the lateral ones short and equal ; and the claws small and short. 
The continent of Africa is the peculiar habitat of the species ° f ^ f ^ TST^er^g^T of this 
habits are at present unknown. Their food is no doubt similar to that of the species 
subfamily. 
7 . F. vittata Swains. Two Cent, and a Quarter 315.b63.c. 
8. F. c mthoides Swains. Two Cent, and a Quarter, 316. 
9 . F. striolata (Licht.) Swains., Rupp. Adas, t. 10. t. a. 
10. F. ccesia (Cretzschm.) Swains Rupp. Atlas t. 10. J. b. 
Emberiza rufibarba Hempr. et Ehrenb. Ermann, Verz. Thier. u 
Pfl ll’ b’f tahaptei (A. Smith), Rep. S. Afr. Exp. p. 50. 
12. F. impetuani (A Smith), Rep. S. A r. xp. p. 
R ■ F. Jlaviventris (Vieill.) Vieill. Ency. Meth. 929-, PI- en I 
004). ^ A ” • T nZt ■ Frinnrillarifl OkTIPllSU 
dins. 
2 
r • flaviventris 1 vieill.) viein. nm;. a-w, . 
„ ■ f. 2 Emberiza capensis var. Lath.; Fringillaria capensis 
biuai”-' 
P -flavigaster (Rupp.) Atlas, t. 25. 
P. capensis (Linn.) PI. enl. 158. f. 2. 
F. septemstriata (Riipp.) Faun. Abyss, t. 30. f. 2. 
ST?... rI < tvi RR\. c i Him 
J - septemstriata (Rupp.) raun. i. uw. *■ _ 
s . s ^ F. erythroptera (Temm.) PI. enl. 664. f. 1. — Emberiza capen- 
1 v »r. Lath. 
o- P. rufa Swains. Two Cent, and a Quarter, 315. fig. b3. a. 
Pi.ectrophanes Meyer . f 
i i j on the forehead) with 
EM short, conical, somewhat compressed; the culmen roun e tte late furnished with a 
lateral margins bent inwards and somewhat angu atec a ‘ bidden by the frontal plumes. 
8,11 all longitudinal bony knob ; the nostrils basal, rounc e , an pa an q third, which are the 
Wings moderate and pointed, with the first quill near y equa ^ the m iddle toe, and slender, 
ingest. Tail moderate, even or slightly emargmated. a ™* . . t h e hind toe long and strong, 
moderate, slender ; the lateral ones equal, and divided at their base , 
armed with a very long and nearly straight claw. 
* This genus was formed by Mr. Swainson in 1837. Centrophanes of Kaup (1829). 
t This genus was established by Meyer ; it embraces the subdivi 
