GOURINfE. 
1. Z. amabilis Pr. Bonap. — Columba zenaida Pr. Bonap. Journ. 3. Z. leucoptera (Linn.) Edwards’s Birds, pi. 76. 
Ac. Phil. 1825. 28., Am. Orn. t. 17- f. 2. 4. Z. aurita (Temm.) Pig. t. 25., Azara No. 322. 
2. Z. galapagoensis Gould, Voy. Beagle, Birds, pi. 46. 
Chamalpelia Swains.* 
Bill very slender, straight, with the tip of the upper mandible slightly vaulted and arched ; the 
nostrils lateral, membranous and linear. Wings moderate and rounded, with the first quill 
shorter than the second and third, which are the longest, and not much longer than the tertials. 
Tail more or less lengthened, and rounded on the sides. Tarsi shorter than the middle toe, and robust, 
with a line of feathers on the outer side. Toes long, with the lateral ones equal ; the hind toe as long 
as the outer ; the claws short and curved. 
The wanner parts of South America and Africa are the peculiar abode of these small birds. They are usually 
observed in pairs on the borders of woods and bushy tracts. They live principally on the ground, where they walk 
and run with equal facility ; but they are occasionally seen 
flight is low, and is generally performed in circling sweeps, 
trees or shrubs; and the female deposits two eggs. 
1. C. passerina (Linn.) Swains. PI. enl. 243., Wiis. Am. Orn. 
pi. 46. f. 2, 3., Temm. Pig. t. 13, 14. 
2. C. talpacoli (Temm.) Swains. Temm. Pig. t. 12. — Colum- 
bina cabocola Spix, Av. Bras. t. 75. a. f. 1. ; Chama?pelia cinnamomea 
Swains. 
3. C. minuta (Linn.) Briss. Orn. 1. 1. 8. f. 2., Temm. Pig. t. 1 6. 
— Columbina griseola Spix, Av. Bras. t. 75. a. f. 2. 
on trees, at a moderate height from the ground. Their 
The nest is slightly put together, and is placed on low 
4. C. ? aymara (D’Orb.) Knip et Prev. Pig. t. 32. 
5. C. hottentotta (Temm.) Temm. Pig. t. 15., Le Vaill. Ois. 
d’Afr. t. 283. — Columba gularis Wagl. 
6. C. squamosa (Temm.) Temm. Pig. t. 59- 
7. C. venusta (Temm.) Temm. PI. col. 341. f. 1., Knip et Prev. 
t. 26. 
Peristera Swains, f 
Bill very slender, and slightly vaulted at the tip of the upper mandible ; the nostrils lateral, 
membranous. Wings moderate, with the first quill short, and suddenly narrowed in the males, and the 
third, fourth, and fifth the longest. Tail moderate and rounded. Tarsi lengthened, and longer than 
the middle toe, with the knee naked. Toes long and slender, with the lateral ones unequal ; the hind 
toe very slender, and nearly as long as the outer toe ; the claws short and curved. 
These birds are found in the intertropical parts of South America, the West Indies, South Africa, and one in the 
South Sea islands. They are generally observed on the ground in coveys or pairs in bushy or woody districts, where 
they obtain their food, and where they walk and run with great activity and quickness. In such places they seek for 
various seeds of grasses, maize, &c., and also for berries and small fruits, on which they subsist. Their flight is low, 
generally sustained only for a short distance, and is similar to that of the partridge. When reposing, they usually 
select the lower branches of the thick bushes. The nest is generally placed on the ground, and is composed of twigs 
and dried grasses. The female deposits two eggs. 
* Established in 1827 by Mr. Swainson ( Zoological Journal, p. 361.). 
t It was in 1827 that Mr. Swainson established this genus {Zoological Journal, p. 360.); but in 1837 he used Leptoptila for it by some 
mistake. 
