14 
S. E. Peal — Visit to the Nag A Hills. [No. 1, 
it is one of the most durable timbers, the Jack trees serve two purposes. The 
hill summits around are destitute of them, unless whore there is a village. 
There seem in fact no villages without Jacks and no Jacks without a village. 
We have therefore here a valuable means of reviewing their past history to 
some extent, as Jack, Artocarpus integrifolius, is a slow-growing wood, 
closely allied to the Sam, Cliama, or Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., so celebrated 
for building and other purposes, and which I suspect is the ‘ Satin-wood’ of 
our English timber-dealers. 
Water supply seemed a great difficulty. We often saw little troughs 
placed to catch drippings from the rock, but containing little else than 
mud. There are no tanks, I hear, and as most of the ‘ changs’ are built 
on the hill tops, where springs are not likely to be numerous, it seems a 
serious difficulty, enhanced too by the strata being all on-edge and sand- 
stone. At this village, the water is obtained in a deep cleft facing the north 
and some 300 yards down ; but even this occasionally fails. 
We were taken to the highest point in the village from whence we had a 
fine view of the surrounding changs. To the east, nearest to Longhong and the 
plains, lay the Huru Mutons’ chang on its peak, which is wooded to the top. 
With the binoculars the houses could be clearly seen in detail, they seemed 
the same as in Longhong. The Huru Mutons are the deadly enemies of the 
Banpara tribe, though so close. Next to the south lie the Kiilun Mutons, also 
on a hill, and next to them again the Bor Mutons, on a conical hill with the 
village on the apex. More to the south and in the extreme distance was the 
chang of the Neyowlung Nagas, or, as they are called, Abors ; and due south 
was U'nugaou, one of the four Banpara villages. Several small ranges ran 
behind these, all inhabited by Abors, up to tho foot of the Deoparbat due east. 
This mountain is uninhabited, and called ‘ Deoparbat’ from an idea that it 
is haunted by a Deo, or devil. Hollow noises are said to be heard on 
the summit, where a lake is believed to exist. It is wooded to the 
top, and the western face is rather precipitous ; hero and there large 
masses of rock stand out clear of the forest and so light as to look like 
quartz. From behind Urntgiion a large hill rises, shutting in the view ; 
on it are the so-called Abors, who can never get into the plains, though 
in sight, as the border tribes would “ cut” them, as it is called. In the fore- 
ground of this hill lay a series of small hills, all Banpara territory, and on one 
of them we were shewn the village of that name where the Rajah resides. 
Nearly due south-west, Joboka rises, and is as conspicuous here as from the 
plains, having a gradual slope on its southern face, and a very steep one to the 
north. It is the hill of the Joboka tribe, with whom the Banparas are con- 
stantly at war, with varying success. As wo were viewing the changs around, a 
good many women, boys, and girls came to stare at us, a compliment we 
often involuntarily returned. 
