1872.] 
133 
Hoernlo — Essays on the Gaurian Languages. 
Or : m ng u=Sanskrit SHTH n 
The most regular form, though not so frequent, is with change of 
^ to ^ by Pr. Prak. I, 28, and elision of 7f by Pr. Prak. II, 2., in both of 
which sutras it is given among the examples. Another not unfrequent form 
is (Pr. Prak. XI, 15), in which the rf of ®?T under the influence of 
^3 has changed to 'S', a change not uncommon in Prakrit, as in ’q-f^vr ir, for 
Vfrr^TJ, (Pr. Prak. II, 8, 2S.), for for fjpo HHHT, 
(Mrichchh. Act II page 62). Examples of are — 
gri n=Sanskrit arn n 
efrir n = Sanskrit nreiniJ 3PT: u etc. 
Another very rare foim is where the ^ may he a substitution 
either for the ^ of (by Pr. Prak. II, 23, as for 
for cfiWm:, Eatnawali, Act I, page 21), or for the ^ of (by analogy of Pi’. 
Prak. II, 12, as for efi^yap) ; it occurs, e. g., in gr§fVr^1 ||=Sanskrit giffT 
||. From the form probably spi - ang the form which occurs 
only in the augmented shape by the not uncommon substitution of 
an v for the first 'Uj (cf Pr. Prak. 1, 5, as ifSH for maiT, knit for ifc*H 
for &c.). The most extraordinary transformation of sh, however, is the 
rare one 3;^ which occurs, e. y.,in^j'%j|^jjM=Sanskrit Jiv?- - wp (Mrichchh. 
Act II, page 63). From either cir^orqr^by the easy change of the linguals oi-sr 
into y (cf. Pr. Prak. II, 30), arose a further form ; xuxless it be considered 
itself the original of qr^r, which is equally possible ; or nrv might also be derived 
direct from cf. Pr. Prak. II, 13, 14. The same relation as assist to ^r, 
bears to ^ ; and as qra; is to so is to The form <*ra: (as 
an indeclinable adjective like those in Han gall) has been used, as already 
shown, in the vulgar and poetical Hindi, to express the genitive. And from 
it, as also explained already, probably the Bangali and Oriya genitive sign T 
is derived, by the elision of the consonant ^ and loss of the vowel "31 through 
the contraction of the meeting vowels consequent upon that elision ; e. g., 
Jjn; = ijr?T3j< = iff K.* 
The other forms or or are, I think, the originals of the dif- 
ferent modern Hindi post-positions jrt or 4iT or and their feminine a#l and 
inflected ■%. As the Prakrit aRrafiT becomes (by elision of ^i) ^<iiT, and this 
again in the Gaurian (by contraction of the meeting vowels) afiyT or a^rr, so 
the Prakrit apa^T becomes and this in the Gaurian apl or crt or aR|. As 
regards this final ’sgr of ^rr which corresponds to tlxo masculine ending ajp of 
all adjectives which have come into the Hindi through the Prakrit, it is every- 
* Perhaps the possessive in Hindi HTT, rPCT, f?F?TC, xfTnTf, &c., should 
be explained by means of this element ("C for ^T), the curtailment of (or ^iTT), thus 
9^ r PT Sanskrit auflri arp — Prakrit 3^ J for the commonly received deriva- 
tion of these pronouns from the Sanskrit possessiva &c., is not 
without difficulties. 
