239 
1872.] A. M. Broadley — The Buddhistic . Remains of Bihar. 
suspendus,” and at the south end is a small subterranean temple contain- 
ing rude and, apparently, very modern images of the ‘ Seven Rishis.’ At 
the east side of the Sal dwdra is the celebrated Brahma Jcund. The temper- 
ature of the water is about 105 deg. Fahr. It is in this that several hun- 
dred thousand persons bathe at the recurrence of every thirty-first lunation. 
Below this is the Kdsi tirth, which is in reality a mere outlet for the waters 
of the Brahma lcupd, which escape through it, still warm and steaming, into 
the Sarasvati below. Climbing a distance of 276 feet to the south-west of 
the Markanda kund, one arrives at an enormous stone platform projecting' 
from the face of the hill. It is composed of huge masses of unhewn stone 
piled one upon the other, and is about 50 feet square and 28 high. At its 
base there are a number of small grottos six or eight feet square, of which 
two are in the eastern and five on the northern side. These were evidently 
caves or chambers of meditation, and are up to this day inhabited at times 
by 1 nagas’ or ‘ sadhus’, a jogi whose body is perpetually smeared with ashes, 
and whose wardrobe seems to consist merely of a very small waisteloth, a 
tattered umbrella, and a necklace of enormous boads. These beggars flock 
in thousands from all parts of India to Rajgir during the great fair, and are 
fed by the Maliants, or abbots, of the monasteries of Rajgir and Rajavali, 
who alone exercise the jealously-guarded right of raising their crimson stan- 
dards during the month in which the gathering takes place. 
To return to the stone platform. It is generally known as the Jard- 
sandha-kd-haithalc, and on its summit are three Muhammadan tombs, one 
of which is said to be that of Raja Kamdar Khan Main, whose life and ad- 
ventures during the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries 
form the subject of many a rude ballad and story in Bihar, and which occu- 
py almost the same place in the heart of the people as the tales of Robin 
Hood and his followers do at home. Behind this platform is a large cave. 
I searched for it in vain in September, but owing to the dense brushwood 
and jungle which covered it during the rainy season, I failed to find it. 
General Cunningham, however, was fortunate enough to light on it during 
bis recent visit, and I have since completely cleared and excavated it. It is 
of oval shape, and has an opening to the east. Its floor was considerably 
below the surface, and was reached by a flight of eight or nine brick steps 
several of which I uncovered almost entire. The chamber measured 36 feet 
from east to west, and 26 from north to south. The roof (most of which 
bas fallen in) was 18 or 20 feet high. The whole was lined, as it were, by 
a brick wall about 2 feet thick. In the midst of the rubbish which filled up 
the bottom of the cave I found a very perfect standing figure of Buddha in 
black basalt. I can, I think, satisfactorily identify this cave and platform 
with the account of Fah-Hiyau and also with that of Hwen Thsang. Fah- 
Hiyan says — •“ skirting the southern lull” (and it is to be noted that this 
