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A. M. Broadley — The Buddhistic Remains of Bihar. [No. 3, 
and stretching away as far as Giryak, a distance of six or seven miles. 
I shall now proceed to establish if possible an identification of this valley, 
connected with the writings of both the pilgrims. Hwen Thsang writes as 
follows :* “ Aw nord-est de la ville, il fit de quatorze a quinze li” [2f or 3 
miles], “ et arriva au mont Ki-li-tho-Jciu-tch'a (Gridhrakoiita Parvata), qui 
touche au midi de la montagne du nord, et s’^leve isolement a une hauteur 
prodigieuse. . . . Le roi P'in-pi-so-lo (Bimbisara), voulant entendre la loi, leva 
un grand nombre d’hommes ; puis, pour traverser la vallee et franchir les 
ravins, depuis le pied de la montagne jusqu’au sommet, il fit assembler des 
pierres, et pratiqua des escaliers larges d'environ dix pas, et ayant une lon- 
gueur de cinq a six li. Au milieu du chemin, il y a deux petits Stoupas : 
Le sommet de cette montagne est allonge de Test l’ouest, et res- 
serre du sud au nord.” He then proceeds to speak of a vihara to the west 
of the mountain, a colossal stone once trodden by the sacred feet of Sakhya 
Muni, a stiipa to the south, and a second on the summit of the mountain. 
Fah-Hian’s descriptionf is far less minute, hut he gives exactly the same 
distance [viz., 15 li], and speaks of two caves on the hill — the colossal stone 
— the Vihara, and the lofty peak. 
On the 20th January, I made an attempt to explore the valley. Clear- 
ing the dense brushwood and jungle as I advanced, I skirted the foot of Rat- 
nagir for about a mile from the old city, and then struck across into the 
centre of the valley, and pushed on two miles further to the east. I then 
saw that to the east of Batnagir there is another mountain terminating in a 
lofty peak, which towers above the summit of the surrounding hills. This 
mountain is called Dcoghit, and I unhesitatingly identify it with that 
mentioned in the text of Fah-Hian and Hwen Thsang. It adjoins the sou- 
thern side of Vipula. In the middle of the valley, a stone terrace or stair- 
case, about 20 feet broad, runs duo north, towards the foot of the hill, for 
a distance of 900 feet. At this point it branches off to the east up the 
mountain side. At the distance of 300 feet from the plain, I found a small 
stupa in the very centre of the staircase about 8 feet square, and in front of 
it three or four steps are still almost intact, each step being about 18 or 20 
feet wide and a foot high. Near tins place under a great heap of debris I 
found three images of Buddha almost perfect, but of the rudest workman- 
ship. They are uniform in size, and bear inscriptions. From the stupa the 
staircase continues to traverse the mountain-side for a distance of 800 feet. 
At this point I discovered a second stiipa and a large quantity of images, 
pillars, &e. Of these, the most remarkable are a figure of Buddha seated on 
a lion, a large Buddha seated on the usual lotus throne, and a standing 
figure of Buddha with a long inscription. All these idols have been remov- 
* Memoires, Tom. II., pp. 20-21. 
+ Baal’s Fah-Hian, Ch. xxix., p. 114. 
