48 
[No. 1, 
W. T. Blanford — Zoology of Sikkim. 
the last secondaries (or tertiaries) being entirely rufous ; tail as in the adult ; 
throat and breast brownish yellow, the feathers with dusky edges, giving a 
scale like appearance ; flanks duller ; lower abdomen, vent, and under-tail 
coverts white. 
Cnroim®. 
348 Cikclus cashmiriensis ? Gould. — Blyth has already mentioned 
the occurrence of this dipper in Sikkim, Ibis, 1S6G, p. 374. I found it 
far from rare in the upper parts of the Laclien and Laehung valleys, at 
elevations exceeding 14000 feet. 
The specimens vary much in plumage. The only two I have retained 
are smaller than the dimensions given by J erdon and Salvin (Ibis, 1867, 
p. 117), and they do not exactly agree, in coloration. In that which I 
look upon as adult, or near adult, the head and neck above and at the sides, 
and the upper part of the back are dull brown, a white spot above the eye, 
and another smaller one below, middle and lower back cinereous with dark 
brown margins, tail cinereous, quills and whig coverts brown, the outer webs 
cinereous, the secondaries and greater coverts with narrow white tips ; throat 
and breast white, abdomen brown, the feathers with slight white edges, 
flanks and under tail coverts cinereous ; bill black, tarsus (when alive) 
purplish grey, whig 3.4, tail T9, tarsus IT, bill from gape 09, from 
forehead O' 65 inches. 
Another specimen, probably younger, has some grey mixed with the 
brown of the head feathers, and the centre of the abdomen, as far back as the 
thighs, white, not so pure as on the breast, the feathers behig brownish 
below ; there arc traces of dusk margins to the breast feathers also ; wing 
3'6, tail 2,05, tarsus 1T3, bill from gape G'9, from forehead 0.65 inches. 
If these birds belong to 0. Cashmiriensis, it is evidently a variable species. 
347 C. ASiATictrs, Swains. — This ranges, in the summer, as high as 
12.000 feet at least, and I have a specimen shot at that elevation at Yeoma- 
tong in the Laehung valley. I saw brown birds which I noted at the time 
as belonging to this species up to 14000 feet, and I believe they were 
correctly identified, but as I secured none, they may have belonged to the 
next. Towards the end of October, I saw this dipper in the great Itangit 
river, not 1000 feet above the sea. 
349 C. soEDiDtrs, Gould. — A single dipper which I shot at about 
15.000 feet on the Chachd stream below Phalung, close to the Kongra 
Lama pass, only differs from the description of this species by its rather 
larger size ; it is a little darker in colour than Gould’s figure in the Birds of 
Asia. I took it at the time for C. asiaticus, and was surprised at seeing that 
bird at so great an elevation, in a place where the fauna is distinctly Tibetan. 
There is a cinereous tinge on the outer margins of the quills on the upper 
coverts, which have dark margins, and on the tail. Whig 4 in., tail 2'3, tarsus 
