Order  Y.  GALLINiE. 
Family  III.  PHASiANir>.ai. 
Ihe  third  Subfamily, 
GALLINiE,  or  JuNG7.K  Fowls, 
have  the  Bill  moderate,  with  the  apical  half  vaulted  and  arched  to  the  tip,  which  is  obtuse ; the  Nostrils 
1 aced  in  a large  membranous  groove,  with  the  opening  large,  nearly  semicircular,  and  protected  by  a 
a^  d^  ’ Wings  moderate,  concave,  much  rounded,  with  the  secondaries  the  length  of  the  quills,  ample, 
an  broad ; the  Tail  compressed,  and  generally  arched  ; the  Tarsi  longer  than,  or  as  long  as,  the  middle 
oe,  robust,  and  armed  with  a spur  ; the  Toes  long,  and  the  front  ones  united  at  their  base  by  a membrane- 
Gallophasis  Hodgs* 
* I naoderate,  strong,  elevated  at  the  base,  with  the  culmen  sloping,  and  the  apical  half  vaulted  and 
1 obtuse ; the  sides  compressed,  and  the  lateral  margins  arched ; the  nostrils 
^ in  a large  membranous  groove,  avitli  the  opening  large  and  covered  by  a scale.  Wings  moderate, 
the^^^^*  niuch  rounded ; with  the  fourth,  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh  quills  nearly  equal,  and  longest ; 
the  ample  and  broad.  Tail  and  coverts  ample ; the  sides  compressed,  and  arched  towards 
befo^^*^'  straight  and  even.  Tarsi  lengthened,  much  longer  than  the  middle  toe,  strong,  and  covered 
ore  and  behind  with  broad  divided  scales  ; the  inner  side,  near  the  hind  toe,  furnished  with  a strong 
ones  spnr.  Toes  moderate,  the  middle  one  long,  and  the  lateral  ones  unequal ; all  the  anterior 
s united  at  the  base  by  a membrane ; the  hind  toe  short,  and  slightly  elevated ; the  claws  short  and 
urved.  The  sides  of  the  head  covered  by  a bare  skin,  which  ends  in  round  wattles  at  the  base  of  the 
lower  mandible. 
Tl 
usualf^^  birds  are  found  in  the  immense  primeval  forests  of  the  continent  of  India  and  its  archqielago.  They  are 
species  close  brushwoods  that  cover  the  precipitous  and  rugged  gorges  of  the  elevated  mountains ; but  some 
when  ^be  more  level  ground.  It  is  generally  in  coveys  of  four  to  eight  individuals  that  they  are  noticed; 
The  they  do  not  take  wing,  but  endeavour  to  hide  among  the  covers,  where  they  run  with  great^  rapidity, 
insects  by  these  birds  is  a subdued  melancholy  cluck.  Then.’  food  consists  chiefly  of  seeds,  wild  berries,  roots. 
Misc  i *^”**^*  (Shaw),  Macartn.  Emb.  China,  pi.  13.,  Shaw’s  Nat. 
2 ■ ttallus  Macartney!  Temm.  ; Phasianus  rufus  liaffl. 
t 207  tl.  R.  Gray.  — Gallus  ignitus  Vieill.  Gal.  ties  Ois. 
Ill  T I ^®th.  Ois.  t.  237.  f.  2. ; Euplocamus  ignitus  Gray, 
^ncl.  Zool.  ii.  pi.  39. 
argent  ' (Linn.)  PI.  enl.  123,  124'.  — Nycthenierus 
n.  5 '**'“’“*”*•  ’ Phasianus  lineatus  Jard.  Selby,  111.  Orn. 
Kev‘.»  , ^hath.  MS.)  Proc.  Z.  S.  1831.24.- 
i udi  Zees.  Be'lang.  Voy.  Ind.  Orien.  Zool.  t.  8,  p. 
T,.’  (Lath.)  — Phasianus  Hamiltoni  Gra; 
crist  t P'  Ind.  Zool.  pi.  41. ; Phasia 
6.  G.  IlomJkUii  G.  R.  Gray.  ■ — Phasianus  Latharai  Gray,  in 
Griff.  An.  Kingd.  iii.  26. 
7.  G.  erythrophthalmos  (Raffl.)  Linn.  Trans,  xiii.  321. 
8.  G.  pyroiiotus  G.  R.  Gray.  — Euplocamus  erythrophthalmos 
Gray,  111.  Ind.  Zool.  ii.  pi.  38. 
9.  G.  purpureas  (Gray),  111.  Ind.  Zool.  pi.  42.  — Phasianus  ery- 
throphthalmos J Rajffl. 
10.  G.  muthura  (Gray),  Griff  An,  Kingd.  iii.  p.  27- 
11.  G.  Crawfurdii  (Gray),  GriflF.  An.  Kingd.  iii.  p.  27. 
12.  G.fasciatus  (M'CleU.)  Calc.  Journ.  of  Nat.  Hist.  i.  144. 
pi.  3. 
13.  G.  Cmieri  (Temm.)  PI.  col.  1.  — Monaulus  melanion  Vieill. 
Ency.  Meth.  Ois.  t.  237.  f 1.;  Type  of  Alectrophasis  G.  R.  Gray 
(1841). 
these  nam'"*l!^  established  by  M.  Temmiuck  under  the  name  of  Euplocamus,  for  which,  in  1822,  Dr.  Fleming  .substituted  Lophura,  Both 
Lesson  aving  been  previously  employed,  it  becomes  necessary  to  atiopt  Mr.  Hodgsons  name  of  Gallophasis  (1827).  In  1831,  M. 
are  coequ  1 Wagler  Gennaus  ; in  1834,  Mr.  Swaiuson  Nycthemerus  ; and  in  1836,  M.  Kaup  Spicifer.  All  these 
a with  the  name  employed.  It  embraces  Alectrophasis,  which  was  proposed  by  me  in  1841. 
