Order  V,  GALLINd;. 
Family  IV.  Tetbaonidje. 
second  Subfamily, 
TURNICIN^,  or  Bush  Quails, 
hav( 
lo-wer  ^ straight,  and  the  sides  compressed  to  the  ti^J,  which  slightly  overhangs  that  of 
of  the  hill  lateral,  and  placed  in  a nasal  groove  that  reaches  beyond  half  the  length 
Tail  sh^^^  opening  linear,  and  protected  by  a long  scale : the  Wings  rather  short,  and  rounded : 
'Usually  th  concealed  by  the  dorsal  feathers  : the  Tarsi  moderate  and  strong  : the  Toes 
in  number,  long,  and  free  at  their  base,  the  outer  toe  longer  than  the  inner. 
Tubnix  Bonn.* 
moderate  a ft  + • 
^be  sides  straight,  with  the  culmen  more  or  less  elevated  at  the  base,  but  always  curved,  and 
^^^cndina  which  hangs  over  that  of  the  lower  mandible ; the  gonys  moderate  and 
^ scale  ■gr-  lateral,  basal,  and  placed  in  a long  groove,  with  the  opening  linear  and  closed  by 
shorter  tha  short ; with  the  first,  second,  and  third  quills  equal  and  longest ; the  tertials  rather 
Covered  ir  f Tail  short  and  graduated.  Tarsi  longer  than  the  middle  toe,  strong,  and 
inner  • the  h’^^d  i'^'^^s^erse  scales.  Toes  long  and  rather  slender ; with  the  outer  toe  longer  than  the 
toe  wanting  ; the  claws  short,  slender,  and  slightly  curved. 
ii^cquenting  g ^ the  South  of  Europe,  in  India  and  its  archipelago,  Africa,  Madagascar,  and  Australia ; 
Si'asses.  parties  or  in  pairs  the  open  places  near  rivers,  or  those  that  are  thinly  covered  with  different  kinds 
"'ith  a the  ground  that  it  is  difficult  to  discover  them,  but  when  flushed  they  make 
^nd  then  the-p  ^*Sht,  which  is  generally  only  prolonged  for  a short  distance  within  two  or  tnree  feet  of  the  surface, 
‘^®“sider  pitch  to  the 
-'^usiuej.  tv.  •'  nuct 
the  shtlt 
t-  T. 
50o. . 
'Pernm. 
round  and  hide  among  the  herbage,  or  run  along  with  great  swiftness  until  they 
pursuit.  The  nest  is  composed  of  grasses,  placed  in  a shaUovv  depression  of  the  ground, 
Cl-  of  a small  tuft  of  grass. 
The  female  generally  lays  four  eggs. 
<ifric( 
des  Sci.  1789. 
® usicus  Gmel. ; Hemipodius  tachydromus 
’"‘Podms  lunatus  Pt-  264.  — He- 
1836.  PI-  col.  454.  f.  2.,  Beng.  Sport. 
Hemipodius  variabilis  Jlodffs. 
Ml 
5.  T.  macuhsus  (Temm.)  Pig.  et  Gall.  iii.  7-57.  — Turnix  nia- 
culatus  Vieill, ; Hemipodius  melanotus  Gould,  Syn.  B.  of  Austr.  pi., 
Gal.  des  Ois.  t.  217. 
6.  T.yoadera  Hodgs.  — Turnix  tanki  Bl.  Journ.  A.  S.  B.  xii. 
p.  180*?  Hemipodius  maculosus  Temm.}  Beng.  Sport.  Mag. 
1838.  pi.  1.  f.  2. 
7.  T.  lepurana  (A,  Smith),  III.  S.  Afr.  Zool.  Birds,  pi. 
8.  T.  pugnax  (Temm.)  Pig.  et  Gall.  iii.  p.  6l2.,  PI.  col.  60. 
f.  2. 
‘".'I®"  p-  =■>■ 
flSIS),  and  Ortygodes  of  Vieillot  (1816) 
Tridactylus  of  Lace'pede  (1800 — 1801),  Ortygis  llliger  (1811), 
are  synonymous. 
