ARDEIN.E. 
N a ' 
^*^^•758  (Linn.)  Strickl.  — Ardea  nycticorax  Linn,  PL 
^^•ardj/5'’  Nycticorax  europaeus  Sfeph. ; Ar.  badius  Gmel. ; 
^ ‘^oia  Tenim. 
'’’^'''tlata (Bodd.)  PI.  enl.  939.  — Ar.  Garden!  Gmel.;  Ar. 
Ar.  nycticorax  Wils.  Amer.  Orn.  pi.  6I.  f.  2. ; 
Gmi  . ‘i'*'*'®  Vieill. ; Ar.  noactli  Gmel.  et  Ar.  jamaicensis 
^'ipf.  V^*"^**^  ‘^yanocephala  Mot.  ? Kittl. 
g.  *'•^5.  f.  1.;  Nycticorax  aniericanus  Pr.  Sonap. 
4.  N (Wagl.)  Syst.  Av.  Ardea  sp.  33. 
5.  N (Vieill.)  N.  Diet,  d’llist.  Nat.  xiv.  p. 
^•■dea  (Gmel.)  Steph.  Cook’s  Voy.  ii.  pi.  ,50.  — 
Forst.  Descr.  Anim.  p.  274.,  Icon.  ined.  111.; 
■'^**str.  pj*'***’^**  Wagl.  Kittl.  Kup.  Vog.  t.  35.  f.  2.,  Gould,  B.  of 
6.  N.  cucullatus  (Wagl.)  Isis,  1829,  p.  66I. 
7.  N.  manillensis  (Vigors),  Proc.  Z.  S.  1831,  p.  89. 
8.  N,  limnophilax  (Temm.)  PI.  col.  581. 
9.  N.  goisagi  (Temm.)  PI.  col.  582. 
10.  N.  crassirostris  Vigors,  Zool.  Beechey’s  Voy.  p.  27. 
11.  N.  violaceus  (Linn.)  Catesb.  Carol,  pi.  79v  Wils.  Amer. 
Orn.  pi.  65.  f.  1.  — Ardea  cayanensis  Gmel.  PI.  enl.  899.  j Ar. 
sexsetacea  Vieill.;  Ar.  callocephala  Wagl. 
12.  N.  pikatus  (Bodd.)  PI.  enl.  907.,  I’r.  Neuw.  Abbild.  zur 
Naturg.  Bras.  t.  4. 
13.  N.  sibilatrix  Temm.  PI.  col.  271.  — Ardea  cyanocephala 
Vieill. 
Scopus  Brm.* 
*77  T 
the  culmen  elevated  at  the  base,  keeled,  and  curved  to  the  tip,  which  is  hooked,  the 
compressed,  and  grooved  near  the  culmen  from  the  base  to  the  tip;  the  gonys  long,  and 
^ Bpwai'ds ; the  nostrils  basal  and  lateral,  with  the  opening  linear,  exposed,  and  partly  closed  by 
an  1 ’’^^ous  scale.  Wings  long,  with  the  third  and  fourth  quills  equal  and  longest.  Tail  short 
■ J-arsi  longer  than  the  middle  toe,  compressed,  and  covered  with  small  reticulated  scales. 
outer  longer  than  the  inner,  both  are  united  at  their  base  by  a membrane, 
P„.,  ^^^onds  along  the  sides  to  the  tip ; the  hind  toe  moderate,  and  even  with  the  others ; the  claws 
ftl-. 
Oft,  and  slightly  curved. 
The  type  of  this  genus  is  peculiar  to  Africa. 
S.  umbrella  Gmel.  PI.  enl.  796- 
Cancboma  Linn.^ 
■Bill  1q 
than  the  head,  very  depressed,  and  extremely  broad  and  dilated  towards  the  middle,  with 
^^^^Bally  compressed  at  the  end  ; the  culmen  prominently  keeled,  with  a deep  lateral  groove  that 
^ill,  with which  is  acutely  hooked ; the  nostrils  placed  in  the  lateral  groove  on  the  surface  of  the 
apq  opening  longitudinal  and  partly  closed  by  a membrane.  Wings  moderate,  with  the  third 
equal  and  longest.  Tail  short  and  rounded.  Tarsi  rather  longer  than  the  middle  toe, 
ihpej.  ' covered  in  front  with  large  irregular  scales.  Toes  moderate ; the  outer  toe  longer  than  the 
fathej.  L united  at  the  base ; the  hind  toe  long,  and  even  with  the  anterior  toes ; the  claws 
curved,  and  acute. 
* B ' 
established  this  genus  in  1 
Cepheus  of  Wagler  (1827)  is  synonymous. 
Cochlearius  of  Brisson  (176O)  and  Cymbops  of  Wagler  (1827)  ate  synonymous. 
