TOTANINiE. 
1.  T.  stagnalis  Bechst.  Orn.  Taschenb.  ii.  292. — Scolopax  te- 
tanus Linn. ; Tringa  guinetta  Paii.  PI.  enl.  876.,  Gould,  B,  of  Eur. 
pi.  314. ; Type  of  Ilyornis  Kaup  (1829). 
2.  T . oehropus  {Linn.)  Temm.  PI.  enl.  843.,  Gould,  B.  of  Eur. 
pi.  315.  f.  1.  — Totanus  leucurus  Gray,  111.  Ind.  Zool.  t.  51.  f.  1.  ? ; 
Type  of  Helodromus  Kaup  (1829). 
3.  T.glareola  (Linn.)  Temm.  Gould,  B.  of  Eur.  pi.  315.  f.  2., 
Hist,  de  I’Egypte,  Ois.  t.  14.  f.  2.  — Totanus  affinis  Horsf. ; Tringa 
littoralis  Linn.  ■ Type  of  Rliyacopliilus  Kaup  (1829). 
4.  T.  calidris  (Linn.)  Bechst.  PI.  enl.  827-  845.  — Tringa  gam- 
betta  Gmel.  ,•  T.  variegata  Briinn. ; Totanus  striatus  et  nsevius  Brus. 
Gould,  B.  of  Eur.  pi.  310.,  Hist,  de  I’Egypte,  Ois.  t.  6.  f.  1. ; Type 
of  Gambetta  Kaup  ( 1 829). 
5.  T.fuscus  (Briss.)  Leisl.  Gould,  B.  of  Eur.  pi.  309. — Totanus 
natans  Bechst. ; Tringa  totanus  Meyer  ; Scolopax  curonica,  S.  caii- 
tabrigiensis,  S.  totanus,  et  S.  fusca  Gmel.-,  Totanus  maculatus 
Bechst.;  Tringa  atra  Gmel.  PI. enl.  875. ; Type  of  Erythroscelus 
Kaup  (1829). 
C.  T.  pulverulentus  Miill.  & Schl.  Verb.  Natuurl.  Gesch.  Nederl. 
p.  153. 
7.  T.  chloropygius  Vieill Tringa  solitaria  Wils.  Amer.  Orn. 
pi.  58.  f.  3.,  Audub.  B.  of  Amer.  pi.  289.  ',  Tr.  glareola  Ord  ; Tr. 
macroptera  Spix,  Av.  Bras.  t.  92. 
8.  T.flavipes  (Gmel.)  Vieill.  IVils.  Amer.  Orn.  pi.  58.  f.  4., 
Audub.  B.  of  Amer.  pi.  288.,  Azara,  No.  399.  — Totanus  fuscoca- 
pillus  VieiU. ; T.  natator  Vieill.,  Azara,  No.  396. 
9.  T.  mektnoleucus  (Gmel.)  Pr.  Bonap.  — Scolopax  vocifer 
Wils.  Amer.  Orn.  pi.  58.  f.  5.  ; Sc.  totanus  Forst.  Azara,  No. 
394. 
10.  T.  campestris  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  p.  400.,  A*®''  ’ 
No.  398.  g 
11.  T.  punctatus  Vieill.  Azara,  No.  400.  — Totanus  calig* 
Licht. 
12.  T.  nigellus  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  406.,  Az®’’®’ 
13.  T.rufifrons\id\\.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  404.,  Azara. 
395. 
14.  T.  leucophrys  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  408. 
15.  T.  marmoratus  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  408. 
16.  T.  guttatus  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  408. 
17.  T.  brevipes  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  419' 
pedestrls  Less.  ? 
18.  T.  melanopygius  Vieill.  N.  Diet.  d’Hist.  Nat.  vi.  401- 
19.  T.  speculi/er  Cuv.  Less.  Tr.  d’Orn.  p.  552. 
20.  T.  glottis  (Linn.)  .Bechst.  — Limosa  grisea  Briss.  ■ ® 
tis  et 
. L . gmttu  i^Loxva. ) .ueenst.  — ijimosa  grisea /rw*- j 
L.  totanus  Pall. ; Glottis  chloropus  JVils.  ; G.  canescen® 
Bonap. ; Totanus  fistulans  Bechst. ; G.  natans  Ka'uPp 
. f.  3.,  Gould,  B.  of  Eur.  pi.  312. ; 
Hist- 
Type 
Glottis  JVils.  (181  ?). 
21.  ? T.floridanus  Pr.  Bonap.  Audub.  B.  of  Amer.  pi- 
22.  T.  glottoides  Vigors,  Proc.  Z.  S.  1831.  p.  173.,  Gent.  ofH* 
pi.  76.,  B.  of  Austr.  pi. 
23.  T.  Horsfieldii  Sykes,  Proc.  Z.  S.  1832.  p.  l63. 
24.  P.  guttifer  Ermann,  Verz.  von  Thier.  und  Pflanz.  P' 
25.  T.  semipalmatus  (Gmel.)  Temm 
1 56- 
Wils.  Amer.  Om- P ' 
f.  3.,  Faun.  Bor.  Amer.  Birds,  pi.  67.  — Totanus  crassirostris 
Symphemia  atlantica  JJafo. ; Type  of  Symphemia  (1 
26.  T . fuliginosus  Gould,  Voy.  of  Beagle,  Birds,  p.  130. 
Tkingoides  Pr.  Bonap.* 
Bill  as  long  as,  or  rather  longer  than,  the  head,  with  the  culmen  straight,  and  the  sides  compr®®®^ 
towards  the  tip,  which  is  curved  and  acute ; the  nostrils  linear,  and  placed  in  a lateral  meuibraii 
groove,  which  extends  to  near  the  tip  on  both  sides.  Wings  reaching  beyond  the  middle  of  tb^ 
and  pointed,  Avith  the  first  quill  the  longest.  Tail  long,  broad,  and  much  rounded.  Tarsi 
moderately  strong,  and  covered  in  front  with  narrow  transverse  scales.  Toes  long,  with  the  outer  ^ ^ 
united  at  the  base  by  a membrane  to  the  middle  toe,  the  inner  one  free  ; the  hind  toe  moderate,  elevat® 
the  claws  short  and  acute. 
oas 
taib 
long’ 
on® 
The  species  of  this  genus  are  found  in  both  the  Old  and  New  Worlds.  They  are  usually  observed  in  sinaU 
on  the  margins  of  fresh-water  lakes,  pools,  and  rivers,  and  rarely,  if  ever,  appear  on  the  sea  shore,  but  pref®*' 
interior  of  the  countries  which  they  visit  during  their  periodical  migrations.  They  fly  with  rapidity  and  gracefn^® 
though  not  always  in  a direct  course,  but  make  occasional  circuitous  sweeps  during  their  flight.  While  on  the 
they  possess  a singular  habit  of  continually  moving  their  tails  up  and  down,  and  are  capable  of  running  with  very 
speed.  Their  food  consists  of  small  molluscous  animals,  insects,  worms,  and  the  fry  of  fish ; the  former  of  tke-e 
* The  Prince  of  Canino  established  this  division  in  1831.  It  embraces  Bartramia 
Prince  of  Canino  (1832),  and  Euliga  of  Mr.  Nuttal  (1834)  are  synonymous. 
5 K 
