Order  VIII.  ANSERES. 
F araily  III.  ALCiDiB, 
The  second  Subfamily, 
PHALERIDlNyE,  or  Stauikis, 
have  the  Bill  short,  broad  at  the  base,  with  the  sides  gradually  compressed,  and  the  culmen  curved  to  the 
which  is  emarginated ; the  loAver  mandible  grooved  on  the  sides,  and  the  gonys  ascending ; the 
Nostrils  lateral,  and  ptierced  in  the  bony  covering  of  the  broad  nasal  groove,  with  the  opening  linear ; 
^he  Wings  moderate  and  pointed : the  Tail  short  and  rounded : the  Tarsi  short,  compressed,  and 
covered  with  small  scales ; the  Toes  three,  and  all  united  together  by  an  entire  membrane : the  Claws 
Moderate,  compressed,  and  acute. 
Phalekis  Temm* 
shorter  than  the  head,  broad  at  the  base,  and  slightly  depressed,  with  the  culmen  curved,  and  the 
ides  gradually  compressed  to  the  tip,  which  is  emarginated  ; the  base  of  the  lateral  margins  indexed ; 
gonys  keeled  and  curved  up)wards  to  the  tip,  and  the  sides  more  or  less  grooved ; the  nostrils  lateral. 
Placed  hi  a broad  groove,  and  enclosed  by  a hard  covering,  with  the  opening  linear  and  exposed, 
rather  short  and  pointed,  Avith  the  first  quill  the  longest.  Tail  short  and  rounded.  Tarsi  shorter 
the  middle  toe,  compressed,  and  covered  Avith  small  regular  scales.  Toes  long,  and  the  anterior 
united  together  by  an  entire  Aveb ; the  inner  toe  shorter  than  the  outer ; the  claws  moderate, 
i^niUpressed,  and  curved. 
species  are  found  in  the  Arctic  regions,  and  especially  in  the  islands  that  lie  between  China  and  North  America, 
live  in  small  flocks,  swimming  with  ease  and  dexterity  Avhile  in  quest  of  their  food,  Avhich  consists  of  Crustacea, 
®^ollu8ca,  and  other  marine  animals ; as  the  night  approaches  they  seek  the  shore,  where  under  the  ledges  of  the  rocks, 
. burrows  dug  with  their  bill  and  feet,  they  retire  to  rest ; and  it  is  in  such  places  that  the  female  usually  deposits  a 
Single  ee-a. 
j P^ittaciila  (Pall.)  Spic.  Zool.  t.  2.  and  t.  5.  f.  4.,  Zoogr. 
■ Esch.  Zool.  Atlas,  t.  17.  — Type  of  Ombria  Esch.  (1829). 
t gg  (Pall.)  Spic.  Zool.  t.  4.  and  t.  5.  f.  10.,  Zoogr. 
Pygmcea  (Gmel.)  — Uria  pusilla  Pall.  Zoogr.  t.  90. 
Ij'  Pr.  Bonap.  Geogr.  Corap.  List  Birds  of  Eur. 
j • Anaer.  p,  66.  — Cerorhyncha  occidentalis  Vigors,  Audub. 
•'icul 
Araer.  pi.  402.  f.  .;  Phaleris  raicroceros  Brandt;  Ph.  cor- 
Esch.  ? 
P.  cristatella  (Pall.)  Spic.  Zool.  t.  3.  and  t.  5.  f.  7.,  Zoogr.  t. 
86.  — Type  of  Tyloraraphus  Brandt  (1837)" 
6.  P.  camtschatica  (Lepech.)  Nova  Acta  Petrop.  xii.  t.  8.  — 
Morraon  superciliosum  Licht.  Cat.  Dupl.  Berl.  Mus.  p.  89- ; Pha- 
leris  cristatellns  Temm.  PI.  col.  200. ; Uria  raystacea  Pall.  Zoogr. 
t.  89.,  Gal.  des  Ois.  t.  237.,  Audub.  B.  of  Araer.  pi.  402. 
7.  P.  dubia  (Pall.)  Zoogr.  t.  87- 
8.  P.  aleutiea  (Pall.)  Zoogr.  ii.  p.  370.  — Type  of  Ptychoram- 
phus  Brandt  (1837). 
synon 
Established  by  M.  Terarainck  in  1820.  It  embraces  Omhria  of  Esclischoltz  (182.9)  (with  which  Cyclorrhynchus  of  Dr.  Kaup,  1829, 
Uytnous),  Ptychoramphus  and  Tylorumphus  of  M.  Brandt  (1837). 
