Oedee IIL— TUENICIFOEMES. 
Famil Y— T U R N I C I D .E. 
Genus— TURNIX. 
Ttjrnix Bonnaterre, Tabl. Encycl. Meth., I., pp. Ixxxii., 5 (1790) T. sylvatica. 
Tridactylus LacepMe, Mem. de I’lnst., p. 512 (1801) 
Ortygis Eliger, Prodromus, p. 242 (1811) .. 
Hemipodius (Reinwardt) Temininck, Pig. et Gall., iii., p. 607, 753 
(1815) .. .. .. .. .. •• •• •• 
Ortygodes Vieillot, Analyse, p. 52 (1816) 
Areoturnix Bonaparte, Compt. Rend., XLIII., p. 414 (1856) 
Areortyx Heine, Nomencl. Mus. Hein. Orn., p. 290 (1888). 
T. sylvatica. 
T. sylvatica. 
T. nigricoUis. 
T. ocellata. 
T. taigoor. 
In the genus Turnix the hind toe is absent. This with the genus Pedionomus 
together form the order Tumid formes. Although outwardly having the appearance 
of Quails, these birds differ from them and all other Game-birds in many 
important characters.* 
The nasals are not holorhinal, but schizorhinal. The sternum has only 
one very deep notch on the posterior margin. The shape of the palatines, 
pterygoids and basipterygoids resembles those of the Waders, rather than as in 
the Game-birds. 
In opposition to the Gallince, where the males are generally much finer in 
plumage, larger and stronger than the females, or about equal in size, the 
females of the Turniciformes are the larger, finer and more brilliantly coloured 
birds, the males smaller and simpler in coloration, and the females do the 
fighting, which is done by the cocks in all the Gallince. 
Distribution. Australia, Papuan Islands, China, India, Europe and Africa. 
Cf. Huxley, P.Z.S., p. 303 (1868). 
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