Order II. PASSERES. 
Tribe II. Tenuirostres. 
Family Y. Certhiioe. 
fourth Subfamily, 
CERTHINiE, or Creepers, 
Ve Toes very long and slender ; the outer toe longer than the inner, united beyond the first joint, 
q t ^ le ^ nner toe as far as the first joint, of the middle toe ; the hind toe very long, and slender : the 
a ' Vs l° n g) much compressed, and curved. 
Certhia Linn .* 
Bill 
is 
Moderate, slender, and curved throughout its length, with the sides compressed to the tip, which 
°Peiu 
^od 
ntlre ail d acute ; the gonys long and curved ; the nostrils basal, lateral, and sunken, with the 
ln & 111 the forepart of the groove, lunate, and partly covered by a membranous scale. Wings 
lot) cr 
eiate and rounded ; with the first quill short, and the fourth and fifth quills equal and longest. Tail 
* and graduated ; with the ends of the feathers rigid and acute. Tarsi shorter than the middle toe, 
^ blende 
the ' 
ter. 
Toes long and slender ; the inner toe shorter than the outer, both more or less united at 
^ ase > f^e hind toe long and slender ; the claws long, much curved, and acute. 
The 
iv-} ler Species are found in Europe, Asia, and the temperate parts of North America. They are usually observed 
in a ^ VU ' trees are abundant, climbing on the trunks, generally commencing from the base, and moving rapidly upwards 
they a or m a spiral direction round the tree, using their stiff-pointed tail to assist them in the ascent. Sometimes 
fliei). i n °^ ce< l on the branches, and they are often seen running along the lower surface with very great dexterity. 
hol es ■* L>ct l* 1 searching the trunks and branches is for the purpose of obtaining the insects which lie concealed in the 
anq 
b C. 
crevices of the bark. 
Yul.p j/ "j^aris Linn. PI. enl. 681. — Certhia scandulaca Pall. 
hi). p| ^ bur. pi. 237. ; C. Nattereri Pr. Bonap. ? Wils. Amer. 
C, americana Pr. Bonap., Audub. B. of Amer. 
PI. 
2. C .himalayana Vigors, Proc. Z. S. 1831. p. 174. — Certhia 
asiatica Swains. Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 353. 
Caulodromus. 
Bill 
^° n a er than the head, broad, and rather depressed at the base, slender, and curved throughout 
lts le: 
with the sides much compressed from the nostrils to the tip, which is obtuse, and slightly 
Established in 1835 by Linnaeus. 
