PARING. 
the middle toe, slender, and covered by an entire scale in front. Toes moderate, with the lateral ones 
equal, and the outer slightly united at its base. 
This type inhabits Nepal. 
S. nipalenm Ilodgs. Ind. Rev. 1838. p. 32., Journ. A. S. B. 1844. pi. p. 450. — Temnoris atrifrons et T. fulvifrons Hodgs. 
Paroides Koch* 
lMl m °derate and slender, with the culmen straight or slightly curved to the tip, which is entire and 
ac ute, the sides compressed, and thegonys long and ascending; the nostrils basal and lateral, with the 
Pening entirely hidden by the projecting frontal plumes. Wings rather short ; with the first quill very 
U ’ aild tbe second nearly as long as the third and fourth, which are equal and longest. Tail 
federate and forked, or lengthened and graduated. Tarsi as long as the middle toe, and broadly scaled 
j* fl | ’ <mt- Toes moderate > with the lateral ones nearly equal, the outer slightly united at its base ; the 
Xnd toe lon S an<1 strong i the claws long and strong, especially that of the hind toe. 
of j, 686 birds reside amongst the reeds that grow on the banks of rivers, lakes, and in marshy places in various parts 
Til > 0 ^ )C - an ^ ^ d ' Ca ’ Their food consists of insects, and they feed occasionally on seeds of various plants and grasses. 
e n est is intertwined amongst a tuft of reeds, and is placed above the reach of the water. 
q ' t*' pendulinus (Linn.) PI. enl. 618. f. 3. — Parus narbonensis 
Pl - ™l. 708. f. 1., Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 159- 
g‘ P ” ca penxis (Gmel.) Sonn. Voy. t. 115. 
5 Tii Smithii (Jard.) Edin. Journ. Nat. Sci. n. s. i. p. 212. pi. 
’ "• Orn. pi. 113. f. i. 
4. P. pensilis (Lieht.). 
5. P. biarmicus (Linn.) PI. enl, 618. f. 1, 2. — Parus barbatus 
Briss. ; P. russicus Gmel. Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 158.; Type of 
Panurus Koch (1816). 
Certiiiparus Lcifr. f 
g Qft rnod erate, with the culmen curved and the sides compressed to the tip, which is entire, and the 
p ar y ° n ° and sd g bt ^y ascending ; the nostrils lateral, placed in a groove with the opening lunate, and 
^ ° nc ealed by the projecting frontal plumes. Wings moderate and rounded, with the fifth quill 
i ri ^ «5 es t- Tail long and rounded. Tarsi much longer than the middle toe, and broadly scutellated 
sli '^ 0eS long ’ ^ atera l °nes equal ; the hind toe long and strong, the claws moderate, 
g % curved, and acute. 
C s P ec ies that compose this genus inhabit the Islands of New Zealand. Their habits and manners have not 
iced, except that they feed on insects. 
^ ^ 1 
|j^8) are * ta hlished this name in 1816 ( Syst . der Baier. Zool.), with which JEyithalus of Vigors (1825) and Pendulinus of M. Brehm 
,22) ai . y non ymous. It embraces Panurus of Koch (1816), with which Calamopliilus of Leach (181 6) and Mystacinus of M. Boie 
T T he Ra 4UaL 
ron c *e Lafresnaye established this genus in 1842 {Rev. Zool. 1842). 
