FORMIC ARINiE. 
1- G. varia (Bodd.) PL enl. 702.— Turdus rex Gmel. ; T. 
grallaria Lath. ; Grallaria fusca Vieill. Gal. des Ois. t. 134. 
2. G. ruficapilla Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1842. p. 333. 
3- G. imperator Natt. 
4 - G. squamigera FI. Prev. Voy. de la Venus, Oist. t. 3. 
5 - G. guatimalensis FI. Prev. Voy. de la Venus, Ois. t. 4 
6. G. brevicauda (Bodd.) PI. enl. 706. f. 1. — Turdus tinnieus 
Grnel. 
7- G. macularia (Temrn.) PI. col. 
8. G. marginata (Pr. Max.) Beitr. iii. p. 1035., Mem. l’Acad. 
j Sci. St. Petersb. 1835. t. 1. — Chamoeza meruloides Vigors, Jard. 
I & Selby, 111. Orn. pi. 11.; Turdus brevicauda Vieill. 
9. G. nana Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1842. p. 334. 
10. G. rufula Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1842. p, 98. 
11. G. olivacea (Tschudi), Fauna Peruana, p. 19. 
12. G .fuscatra (Lafr.) Rev. Zool. 1845. p. 341. 
13. G. ocihroteuea (Pr. Max.) Beitr. iii. p. 1032. 
Pitta Vieill .* 
lull moderate, strong and broad at the base, with the culmen elevated at the base, straight, and with 
the apical part curved, and the sides compressed to the tip, which is slightly emarginated ; the gonys 
° n 8' an ascending the nostrils lateral, and placed in a membranous groove, with the frontal plumes 
P 1 ejecting to the opening, which is anterior, oblique, and exposed. Wings rather short, with the third 
a nd fourth quills equal and longest. Tail very short and nearly even. Tarsi very long, slender, and 
broadly scutellated. Toes long, with the outer toe longer than the inner and united at the base, the 
hind toe very long ; the claws moderate, curved, and acute, that of the hind toe very long. 
. hhe species of this genus are found in India, its Archipelago, Australia, and Western Africa: they frequent the 
'ingles and thick bushes, and are occasionally observed in the gardens and topes in India. It is on the ground that 
they usually seek their food, which consists of insects and worms ; these they generally search for by scratching among 
*he fallen leaves, and they are believed occasionally to feed on berries and fruits. They seem to prefer the neighbour- 
ed of water, and are sometimes observed to play in the shallow streams, not frequently venturing above their knees, 
disturbed, they either seek safety by running, which they perform quickly, or by flying to a branch of a neighbouring 
* lee , and remaining concealed for a time among the foliage. They arc also said to rest on the topmost branches 
decayed trees. The nest is composed of leaves, dry grass, and hairs, on which the female deposits from four to five 
e ggS. 
f P. ccerulea (Raffl.) Vigors, Linn. Trans, xiii. p. 301. — Pitta 
8'gas Temrn., PI. col. 217. 
' P- maxima Forsten, Verh. Natuurl. Gesch. Nederl. p. 14. 
P - strepitans Temrn. PI. col. 333 , Jard. & Selby, III. Orn. pi 
~~~ "dta versicolor Swains. 
4 - A eganea Blyth, Journ. A. S. B. 1843. p. 1008. — Pitta 
g, gas Blyth. 
g P ' iris Gould, Proc. Z. S. 1842. p. 17., B. of Austr. pi. 
• P- granatina Temm. PI. col. 506. — Pitta coccinea F.yton. 
g P - '>enusta Mull. Tydsch. 1835. p. 348., PI. col. 509. 
1 • Jlaudii Mull. Verh. Natuurl. Gesch. Nederl. Ois. t. 2. 
P. cyanura (Gmel.) PI. enl. 355. — Myiothera affinis Horsf. 
' P - Boschii Mull. Verh. Natuurl. Gesch. Nederl. t. 1. — Pitta 
S at is, Voy. de la Bin, Ois. t. 3. 
P- Jrena Mull, — Pitta elegans Temm. PI. col. 591. 
j P. cyanoptera Temm. PI. col. 218. 
T ’ ^ 1 ve fota Temm. PI. enl. 257 Citta hippocrepis Wag /. ; 
Us macrourus fasciatus Bodd. 
14. P. brachyura (Linn.) Temm. PI. enl. 258. — Turdus trio- 
stegus Sparrm., Mus. Carls, t. 84. ; Pitta bengalensis Vieill. 
15. P. Vigorsii Gould, B. of Austr. pi. — Pitta brachyura Vigors. 
# Horsf. 
16. P. abdominalis Wagh, Edwards’s Birds, pi. 324., Gould, 
Cent, of B. pi., Royle, Illustr. Himal. pi. 7. f. 3., Albin, pi. 31., 
Gray, Illustr. Ind. Zool. 11. pi. 35. f. 2 
17. P. malaccensis Scop. Sonn. Voy. ll.t. 110. — Citta superci- 
liaris Wagl. 
18. P . angolensis Vieill. N. Diet. d’Hist. Nat. iv. p. 356. — 
Pitta pulih Fras. 
19. P. cucullata Hartl. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1844. p. 410. pi. 11. — 
Pitta rhodogaster Hodgs . ; P. nigricollis Blyth. 
20. P. Macklotii Temm. Pi. col. 547. 
21. P. celebensis Forsten, Verh. Natuurl. Gesch. Nederl. p. 16. 
22. P. erythrogaster Temm. PL col. 212., Griff. An. Kingd. 1. 
pi. p. 545. 
It 
J^l°t established this genus in 1816 ( Analyse , SjC., p. 42.). Thunberg in 1821 gave these birds the generic name of Brachyuru*. 
races Pulndicola of Mr. Hodgson (1837), which name he changed to Heleornis in 1844, 
