Order II. PASSERES. 
Tribe III. Dentirostres. 
Family II. Turdid.®. 
The fourth Subfamily, 
ORIOLINiE, or Orioles, 
have the Bill as long as the head, broad at the base, and compressed on the sides, with the culmen 
more or less elevated at the base and curved to the tip, which is emarginated; the nostrils lateral, basal, 
exposed, and partly closed by a membrane ; the Wings long, with the first three quills equally 
graduated, and the third and fourth the longest ; the Tarsi short, and strongly scaled ; the Toes 
moderate, and the lateral toes usually unequal. 
Sphecotheres Vieill .* 
Bill short, broad at the base, with the culmen curved to the tip, which is emarginated ; the sides 
compressed, and the lateral margins nearly straight ; the nostrils basal, lateral, with the opening partly 
closed by a membrane. Wings long, with the third and fourth quills equal and longest. Tail rather 
long and even. Tarsi as long as the middle toe, and strongly scaled. Toes moderate, the lateral ones 
equal; the hind toe long and strong; the claws short and much curved. 
The birds that compose this genus are found in Australia and the Island of Timor. They frequent the topmost 
branches of the lofty trees, feeding chiefly on fruits of various kinds, and occasionally on insects. 
1. S. maxillaris (Lath.) Lamb. Icon. ined. ii. 25. — Sphecotheres 2. S . viridis Vieill. Analyse, &c. p. 68., Gal. des Ois. t. 147., 
viridis Vig. Sf Horsf. ; S. Vieillotii Vigors; S. canicollis Swains. Voy. de l’Uranie, Ois. t. 21 S. virescens Vieill. 
Jard. & Selby, 111. Orn. pi. 79. ; S. australis Swains. : 3. ? S. grisea Less. Tr. d’Orn. p. 351. — Lanius asturinus Mm. 
Par. 
Ouiolus Linn.'f 
Bill the length of the head, broad at the base, with the culmen slightly depressed and curved to the 
Bp, which is emarginated ; the sides compressed, and the lateral margins straight ; the nostrils basal, 
lateral, ovoid, exposed, and the opening partly closed by a membrane. Wings long, with the first quill 
* Established by Vieillot in 1816 ( Analyse , p. 42.) ; in 1825 he used Sphecothera. 
t Linnseus established his genus in 1766 (Sy sterna Naturae"). Moehring had previously proposed the name of 1 Urdus in 1752 ; while, 
•n 1777, Scopoli proposed that of Galbula for the same birds. It includes Mimeta of Vigors and Dr. Horsfield (1826), Analcipus of 
Mr. Swainson ( 1 831), with which, Artamia of M. I. Geoffroy (1832), Philocarpus of M. Muller (1835), Psaropholus of Sir W. Jardine 
a,1 d Mr. Selby (1839), and Erythrolanius of M. Lesson, (1840), are synonymous. 
