Order II. PASSERES. 
Tribe III. Dentirostres. 
Family III. Muscicapidjs. 
The fourth Subfamily, 
TITYRINiE or Becards, 
have the Bill generally short, and broad at the base, with the culmen slightly depressed, rounded, and 
curved, and the sides suddenly compressed to the tip, which is emarginated; the nostrils lateral, 
rounded, and exposed ; the Wings long and pointed ; the Tail short and rounded on the sides ; the 
Tarsi short, and covered in front with narrow scales ; the Toes moderate, with the lateral ones nearly 
equal ; the claws moderate, curved, and acute. 
Tityra Vieill .* 
Bill shorter than the head, and broad at the base, with the culmen more or less depressed, rounded, 
and gently curved, and the sides compressed to the tip, which is emarginated and sometimes hooked ; 
the gonys long and slightly ascending ; the nostrils lateral, pierced in the substance of the bill, rounded, 
and slightly covered with a few short bristles. Wings long and pointed, with the first quill short, the 
second shorter than the third and fourth, which are the longest, and sometimes furnished with a spurious 
quill beneath the first quill, which is either pointed or emarginated at its end. Tail moderate, broad, 
and rounded on the sides. Tarsi rather longer than the middle toe, strong, and covered in front with 
narrow scales. Toes long, with the lateral ones nearly equal, the inner rather the shortest, the outer 
united at the base ; the hind toe long and strong ; the claws moderate, curved, and acute. 
The birds that compose this genus are found in the warmer parts of South America, and the islands of the West 
Indies. They migrate from place to place, and are usually seen perched on the highest branches of the lofty trees of 
the primeval forests. Insects form their chief subsistence ; these they capture by short flights, and return again to the 
same perch to watch for others passing within a certain range. 
1. T . cayana (Linn.) PI. enl. 304. — Tityra cinerea Vieill.', 
Psaris cayanensis Swains. Spix, Av. Bras. t. 44. f. 1., Gal. des Ois. 
t- 134., Azara, No. 207.? PI. enl. 377 - ; Ps. natvius Less . ; Ps. 
virgata H. Smith, Griff. An. Kingd. pi. ? 
2. T. inquisitor (v. Olferst, Licht. Cat. Du pi. Berl. Mus. p. 50. — 
T. erythrogenys Selby, Zool. Journ. ii. p. 483., Swains. Nat. Libr. 
x. 82. pi. 3. 
3. T. brusiliensis (Swains.) Two and a Quart, p. 286". 
4. T. guianensis (Swains.) Two Gent, and a Quart, p. 286. 
5. T. Nattererii (Swains.) Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 286. 
6. T. personata Jard. & Selby, 111. Orn. pi. 24. — Pachyrhynchus 
semifasciatus Spix, Av. Bras. t. 44. f. 1 . ; Psaris mexicanus Less. 
7. T. Jardinii (Swains.) Zool. 111. n. s. pi. 
8. T. Selbii (Swains.) Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 286. 
9- T. strigata (Swains.) Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 287. 
10. T. cristata (Swains.) Jard. & Selby, Zool. Journ. ii. 355., 
Zool. 111. n. s. pi. 41. 
11. T. cinerascens (Spix), Av. Bras. t. 46. f. 1. 
12. T. habia (Less.) Cent. Zool. t. 59. 
13. T. Cuvieri (Swains.) Swains. Zool. 111. pi. 32., Spix, Av. 
Established by \ ieillot in 1816 (Analyse, Qc., p. 3Q.). Psaris of Cuvier (1817), and Pachyrhynchus of Spix (1825) are 
synonymous. This latter name was changed by me in 1838 to Pachymmphus. 
