TH AMN OPHILIISLE. 
conotus torquatus Swains. Shaw, Zool. Misc. pi. 687. ; Laniarius 
viridis V kill. Gal. des Ois. 1. 143. 
9- L. erytlirogaster (Bodd.) PI. enl. 358 Turdus chrysogaster 
Gmel. 
10. L. icterus (Cuv.) Le Vaill. Ois. d’Afr. t. 285. — Lanius 
olivaceus Vieill. Gal. des Ois. t. 1 39.; Malaconotus Blanchoti Steph. 
Swains. B. of W. Afr. pi. 22. ; Lanius poliocephalus Licht. 
11. . — Lanius cruentus Less. Cent. Zool. t. 65. 
12. L. rubigaster Vieill. N. Diet. Hist. Nat. xiii. 300. 
13. L. mystaceus (Lath.) Le Vaill. Ois. d’Afr. t. 65. 
1 4. L. multicolor G. R. Gray. 
15. L. hypopyrrhus (Hartl.) Syst. Verst. Mus. Brem. p. 6l. 
16. L . cubla (Shaw), Le Vaill. Ois. d’Afr. t. 72. — Type of 
Dryoscopus Dole (1826). 
17- L. gambensis (Licht.) Cat. Dupl. Mus. Berl. p. 48. — Mala- 
conotus mollissimus Swains. B. of W. Afr pi. 23. 
18. L. affinis G. R. Gray, Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1837- 489. 
19- L . orientalis (Swains.) Two Cent, and a Quart, p. 342. 
Malaconotus similis Sivains. 
20. L . boulboul (Lath.) Le Vaill. Ois. d’Afr. t. 68. — Malacono- 
tus rufiventris Swains. ; Turdus sethiopicus Lath. 
21. L. madagascariensis (Linn.) PI. enl. — Lanius bicolor Lath. 
Le Vaill. Ois. d’Afr. t. 73. 
22. L. silens (Shaw), Le Vaill. pi. 74. 
Vanga.* 
Bill as long as the head, strong, straight, and much compressed on the sides, with the culmen rather 
keeled, and slightly sloping from the base towards the tip, which is abruptly hooked and strongly 
emarginated ; the gonys lengthened, and advancing upwards to the tip, which is emarginated ; the nostrils 
lateral, basal, rounded, and partly concealed by plumes and bristles ; the gape furnished with long 
bristles. Wings moderate and rounded, with the fourth, fifth, and sixth quills nearly equal and longest. 
Tail rather long and rounded. Tarsi longer than the middle toe ; covered in front with transverse scales, 
and on the sides with an entire scale. Toes moderate, slender, the lateral ones unequal, the outer toe 
united to the middle one beyond the first joint, the hind toe nearly as long as the middle one and strong ; 
the claws long, much arched, and acute. 
The type is found in Madagascar and the southern parts of Africa. Its habits and manners are unknown. 
V. curvirostris (Linn.) PI. enl. 228 Thamnophilus leucocephalus Vieill. 
Chaunonotus. f 
Bill longer than the head, broad at the base and compressed towards the tip, which is scarcely 
emarginated ; the culmen broad, rounded, smooth, and advancing on the forehead, with the basal portion 
rounded ; the nostrils lateral, near the middle of the bill, oblong, and exposed, with the frontal plumes 
advancing to the opening. Wings short and rather rounded, with the first three quills graduated, and 
the fourth to the sixth nearly equal and longest. Tail moderate and slightly rounded. Tarsi much 
longer than the middle toe, slender, and covered with broad transverse scales. Toes short, slender, the 
lateral ones nearly equal, with the outer one united at its base; the hind toe long and strong; and all 
armed with short curved claws. 
The type is peculiar to the western portions of the continent of Africa. Its habits and manners have not been 
recorded by naturalists. 
C. Sabinei (Gray), Mag. of Nat. Hist. ix. p. 489. with figure of head, Jard, & Selby’s 111. of Orn. n. 8. pi. 27. 
* Established by Vieillot in 1816 ( Analyse , p. 41.). 
f This genus was established by me in 1837 ( Mag . of Nat. Hist. ix. 489*). 
