i 
I'f^ 
l!^! u 
LIL 
niinent points ; branches opposite, tlie 
young ones flexible and purplish ; leaves 
opposite, on short petioles, smooth on both 
sides ; panicle about two inches in length, 
somewliat pyi-amidal ; corolla white, but 
soon changes to a reddish-brown. Privet 
is found wild in most parts of Europe, and 
in Japan, in wmods and hedges ; it flourishes 
best in a moist soil. 
LIKE quantities, or Similar quantities, 
in algebra, are such as are expressed by the 
same letters, to the same power, or equally 
repeated in each quantity ; though the 
numeral co-efficient may be different: thus, 
4 a and 5 a are like quantities; so also are 
3z^ and 9z^; and likewise 5hdi/ 10 bdy-. 
But 4 a and 8 b are not like quantities ; nor 
are 4 a and 4 a’. 
lAKEfgures, the same as SiMiLAR/gures. 
All like figures have their homologous lines 
in the same ratio. Like plane figures are in 
the duplicate ratio, or as the squares of their 
homologous lines or sides ; and like solid 
figures are in the triplicate ratio, or as the 
cubes of their homologous sides. 
LTLIUM, in botany, lily, a genus of the 
Hexandria Monogynia class and order. Na- 
tural order of Coronari®. Lilia, Jussieu. 
Essential character: corolla six-petalled, 
bell-shaped, with a longitudinal nectareous 
line ; capsule, the valves connected by can- 
cellated hairs. There are eleven species, 
with many varieties, L. candidum, common 
white lily, has a large bulb, from which pro- 
ceed several succulent fibres; it has a stout, 
round, upright stem, usually three feet in 
height ; leaves long and numerous, smooth 
and sessile ; flowers w'hite, terminating tl-.e 
stem in a cluster, on short peduncles; petals 
within of a beautiful shining white, on the 
outside ridged, and less luminous. Native 
of the Levant. 
LILLY (William), in biography, a 
noted English astrologer, born in Leices- 
tershire in 1602. His father was not able 
to give him further education than common 
reading and writing ; but young Lilly being 
of a forward temper, and endued with 
shrewd wit, he resolved to push his fortune 
in London, where he arrived in 1620, and, 
for a present support, articled himself as a 
servant to a mantua-maker in St. Clement 
Danes. But in 1624 he moved a step 
higher, by entering into the service of Mr. 
Wright, in the Strand, master of the Salters’ 
Company, w'ho not being able to write, 
Lilly, among other ofiices, kept his books. 
On the death of his mastej-, in 1627, Lilly 
paid his addresses to the widow, whom he 
/ 
LIL 
man-ied with a fortune of one thousand 
pounds. 
Being now his own master, he followed 
the bent of his inclinations, which led liim 
to follow the puritanical preachers. After- 
wards turning his mind to judicial astrono- 
my, in 1632 he became pupil, in that art, 
to one Evans, a profligate Welsh parson ; 
and the next year gave the public a speci- 
men of his skill, by an intimation that the 
King had chosen an unlucky horoscope for 
the coronation in Scotland. In 1634, get- 
ting a manuscript copy of the “ Ars No- 
ticia ” of Cornelius Agrippa, with alteration.s, 
he drank in the doctrine of the magic circle, 
and the invocation of spirits, with great 
eagerness, and practised it for some time ; 
after which he treated the mystery of re- 
covering stolen goods, &c. with great con- 
tempt, claiming a supernatural sight, and 
the gift of prophetical predictions ; all 
which he well knew how to turn to good 
advantage. 
Meanwhile he had buried his first wife, 
purchased a moiety of thirteen houses in the 
Strand, and married a second wife, who, 
joining to an extravagant temper, a terma- 
gant spirit which he could not lay, made 
him unhappy, and greatly reduced his cir- 
cumstances. 
With this uncomfortable yoke-mate he 
removed, in 1636, to Hersham, in Surrey, 
where he staid till 1641 ; when, seeing a 
prospect of fishing in troubled waters, he 
returned to London. Here, having pur- 
chased several curious books in this art, 
which were found on pulling down the 
house of another astrologer, he studied them 
incessantly, finding out secrets contained 
in them, which were written' in an imper- 
fect Greek character , and, in 1644, he 
published his “ Merlinus .4nglicns,” an al- 
manack, which he continued annually till 
his death, and several other astrological 
works, devoting his pen, and other labours, 
sometimes to King Charles’s party, and 
at others to that of the parliament, but 
mostly to the latter, riiising his fortune by 
favourable predictions to both parties, at one 
time by presents, and at others by pen- 
sions. Thus, in 1648, the council of state 
gave him in money fifty pounds, and a pen- 
sion of one hundred pounds per annum, 
which he received for two years, and then 
resigned it on some disgust. 
By his advice and contrivance, the King 
attempted several times to make his escape 
from confinement ; he procured and sent 
the aqua fortis, and files to cut the iron bar* 
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