LOT 
left to the discretion of the commis- 
sioners of stamp duties, and kept secret till 
the close of the drawing each day, care 
being taken, as the lottery proceeds, not to 
leave too great a number undrawn on the 
latter days of drawing, but that one moiety 
or upwards be drawn on tlu^ four first days 
thereof; that every lottery-office keeper 
should, in addition to his own licence, take 
out a limited number of licences for his 
agents ; and that the limitation of hours 
during which lottery-offices may be open 
for the transaction of business, viz. from 
eight o’clock in the morning till eighto’clock 
in the evening, enacted by 22 George III. 
c. 47, and renewed in the lottery acts of 
1802, and the three following years, but 
oihitted in those of 1806 and 1807, ought 
in future to be re-enacted, without the ex- 
ception therein made to Saturday evenings. 
LOTTERIES are declared to be public 
nuisances, 5 George I c. 9 ; but for the 
public service of the government, lotteries 
are frequently established by particular 
statutes, and managed by special officers 
and persons appointed. , 
By statute 42 George III. c. .54, lottery- 
office keepers are to pay fifty pounds for 
every licence in London, Edinburgh, and 
Dublin, or within twenty miles of . either, 
and ten pounds for every licence for every 
other office ; and licensed persons shall de- 
posit thirty tickets with the Receiver-Gene- 
ral of the Stamp Duties,, or licence to be 
void. 
By statute 22 Geo. III. c. 47, lottery- 
office keepers must lake out a licence, and 
offices are to be open only from eight in 
the morning to eight in the evening, except 
the Saturday evening preceding the draw- 
ing. The sale of chances and shares of 
tickets, by 'persons not being proprietors 
thereof, are prohibited under penalty of 
fifty pounds, and, by 42 Geo. III. c. 119, 
all games or lotteries, called Little Goes, are 
declared public nuisances, and all persons 
keeping any office or place for any game 
or lottery, not authorized by law, shall for- 
feit five hundred pounds, and be deemed 
rogues and vagabonds. The proprietor of 
a whole ticket may nevertheless insure it 
fpr its value only, with any licensed office 
for the wliole time of drawing, from the 
time of insurance, under a bonajide agree- 
ment without a stamp. 
LOTUS, in botany, bird’s foot trefoil, a 
genus of the. Diadelphia Decaiidria cla.ss 
and order. Natural order of Papilionaceaj 
or Leguminosae. Essential character: calyx 
tubular : wings converging longitudinally 
LOX 
upwards ; legume cylindric, straight. There 
are twenty three species ; these are mostly 
herbaceous plants, having ternate leaves, 
petioled with sessile leaflets and tw o large 
stipules, of the same form with the leaflets, 
but distinct from the petiole: peduncles 
solitary, axillary, and terminating; corollas 
chiefly yellow. 
LOUICHEA, in botany, a genus of the 
Monadelphia Tetrandria class and order. 
Essential character: receptacle common 
penduncle- shaped, trichotomous, producing 
the flowers ; pericarpium proper, four-part- 
ed; segments concave, subulate acuminate, 
irregular growing together; corolla none; 
filaments four, connate, inserted into the 
receptacle ; germ superior ; style bifid ; 
seed single, arilled, witliin the calyx. 
There is but one species, viz. L. cer- 
vina. 
LOXIA, \h.B grosbeak, in natural history', 
a genus of birds of the order Passeres. Ge- 
neric character : bill strong, thick, convex 
both above and below, and rounded at the 
base ; nostrils small and round at the base 
of the bill; tongue truncated. These birds 
are timid and solitary, not distinguished by 
the beauty of their colours or the sweet- 
ness of their notes ; and in this country also 
they are migratory, withdrawing to other 
lands to breed and rear their offspring. La- 
tham enumerates eighty-four species, and 
Gmelin no fewer than a hundred ; of which 
we shall notice the following. L. curveros- 
tra, or the cross- bill, is about the size of a 
lark, and the mandibles of its bill curve in 
opposite directions, and cross each other at 
the points; and in some individuals the up- 
per mandible crosses to the left, and in 
others to the right. It is found in many 
countries to the north ot Great Britain, and 
breeds and remains in them for the whole 
year : but in .some years migrates in consi- 
derable flocks. Its favourite food consists 
of the seeds of pines, and pine woods are 
always its principal haunts. It holds the 
cone in one of its claws, like the parrot, 
and has the manners of tliat bird in several 
other respects. In North America it builds 
on the highest firs, and attaches its nest to 
the trunk by means of the exuded resin. It 
is never known to breed in England. See 
Ayes, Plate VIII. fig. 5. L. pyrrhula, or 
the bullfinch, is commonly known in this 
country, building in bushes of five or six 
feet high ; changing its residence according 
to the season ; in summer retreating from 
the habitations of man, in winter preferring 
orchards and gardens, in which it does great 
mischief by destroying the buds of trees, 
