MEDICINE. 
violent and dan"erou3 fits of the gout. 
2. By moderate labour and gentle exercise, 
as riding on horseback ; but more particu- 
larly walking. 3 . By avoiding cold, espe- 
cially when ii is combined with moisture. 
Tlie feet should be kept constantly warm 
and dry by means of socks and cork-soled 
shoes, and the patient should wear flannel 
next to the skin. 4. By the prevention of 
costiveness, by means of gentle laxatives, as 
aloetics combined with soap and rhubarb, 
or oil of castor. .5. By tonics, as the bark, 
quassia, and chalybeates. 6. By the exhi- 
bition of alkalies in various forms, as the 
fixed alkali, both mild and caustic, lime 
water, soap, and the absorbent earths ; and, 
lastly, by studiously avoiding the exciting 
causes. In the retrocedent species, strong 
stimulants, both external and internal, 
should be instantly employed with an unhe- 
sitating hand ; and in the atonic species the 
diet should be peculiarly generous, and 
compounded of spices and other aromatics. 
Order III. Exanthemata, Eruptive 
Fevers. 
These consist of the following genera : 
1. Erysipelas, or St. Anthony’s fire. 2. Pes- 
tis; plague. 3. Variola; small pox. 4. Va- 
ricella ; chicken-pox. 5. Rubeola ; mea- 
sles. 6. Miliaria; miliary fever. 7. Scar- 
latina; scarlet fever. 8. Urticaria; nettle- 
rash. 9. Pemphigus ; bladdery fever. 10. 
Aphthae; thrush. The whole of this order 
is defined by Cullen to consist of diseases 
affecting persons only once in their life, 
commencing with fever, and succeeded by 
phlogoses, generally small in size, consider- 
able m number, and dispersed over the 
ikin. The definition, however, will not 
hold good in several of its clauses, and espe- 
cially in its first; for, perhaps, there is not 
a single disease in the list, but what has oc- 
casionally recurred, and many of them re- 
peatedly. It is to be remarked, through 
the whole of these, that, whatever danger 
may accompany them, depends rather upon 
the degree of fever, and the nature of the 
fever that introduces them, than upon the 
extent or nature of the eruptions them- 
selves : and hence, with very few excep- 
tions, the general plan laid down for the 
treatment of the different genera, in the or- 
der Febris, is the plan which ought to be 
followed in the order before ns. Thus the 
fever accompanying plague is evidently ty- 
phus, w'hieli, in effect, when accompanied 
by eruptions of any kind, is evidently a ty- 
phoid eruptive fever, and requires the same 
treatment as typhus. Chicken pox, and 
nettle-rash, have a near approach to syno- 
cha, and so far possess the same indica- 
tions ; but they are generally slight diseases, 
and of not more than three days’ duration. 
The rest, for the most part, are of a mixed 
breed, and have hence a closer resem- 
blance to synochus ; they commence with 
inflammatory affections ; but have soon a 
strong tendency to run into the putrid 
type. We shall select an example or two 
from the diseases of this order, either most 
important or most frequent. 
Variola. Small-pox. This is of two va- 
rieties, the distinct and the confluent. The 
general nature, symptoms and treatment of 
the former, are so well knowm, that it is 
unnecessary to repeat them. In the con- 
fluent kind, our chief attention must be di- 
rected to support the strength of the sys- 
tem, and to obviate the tendency to great 
depiession of strength and putrefaction of 
the fluids, which will be effected by the ex- 
hibition of cordials, wine, bark, mineral 
acids, and a nourishing diet, and by all the 
means recommended in the treatment of 
typhus, except the application of cold wa- 
ter after the appearance of the eruption ; 
the bowels should be kept regular by the 
mildest cathartics, or by laxative clysters ; 
some authors, however, recommend a more 
liberal use of them, unless a diarrhoea has 
supervened, even when the disease assumes 
the type of typhus. AVhen the disease is at- 
tended witli violent symptoms, blisters 
should be applied in succession, on differ- 
ent parts of the body, without regard to the 
parts being covered with pustules ; if there 
be obstinate vomiting, the saline draughts 
should be given in a state of effervescence ; 
or camphor, combined with opium, may be 
employed with advantage; the extract of 
cascarilla, administered in some aromatic 
liquid, is often of use in allaying the vomit- 
ing; and if we do not succeed by those 
means, it will be proper to apply a blister 
to the region of tlie stomach : should the 
epileptic fits continue violent, it will be ne- 
cessary to administer opiates, both by tlie 
month and by clysters, which act, not only 
by their antispasmodic power, but also by 
perspiration, and mustard cataplasms should 
be applied to the feet, at the same time 
gentle cathartics will be necessarj', as the 
recurrence of the fits frequently proceeds 
from the irritation of retained feces, espe- 
cially in children : when a retrocession of 
the eruption happens, wine, opium, volatile 
alkali, musk, and camphor, with the warm 
