MEDICINE. 
tadirs of which this- class consists belong to 
the departtnent of surgery ; such as, for in- 
stance, all the genera in the order Tumores, 
and many of those in the order Dialyses. 
Of the rest, many are altogether incurable, 
and many may more conveniently be de- 
scribed under the article Midwifery. On 
this account, instead of giving a detail of 
the entire genera of which the present class 
consists, with their definitions and modes of 
treatment, we shall refer the reader to the 
previous table for their respective names 
and arrangements ; and shall only select, for 
further remark, those that appear of more 
prominence and general importance than 
the rest, and which can only with propriety 
be described in the present article. 
Amaurosis, loss of sight, without visible 
causo or injury. In this disease the eyes 
appear natural ; but the pupil is dilated, and 
does not contract upon being exposed to 
llie strongest light : it is sometimes attend- 
ed with head-ach, The remote causes are, 
compression of the brain, either from con- 
jestion or mechanical pressure; cararact; 
atony ; paralysis of the optic nerve, or in- 
irritability of it. Tiie proximate cause is 
the insensibility of the retina. If the dis- 
ease arise from the first-mentioned cause, it 
may be removed by the means necessary in 
tliose cases : when it arises from atony, or 
paralysis of the optic nerves, we must em- 
ploy stimulants, as blisters to the temples ; 
electricity is, of singular service ; sparks 
should be taken from the eyes, and shocks 
should be sent through the head: errhines 
will be very useful, as turbetli mineral, in 
the proportion of a grain to eight of liquorice 
powder, one-fourth of which is to be snutfed 
up the nostrils once or twice a day ; and we 
must at the same time employ the internal 
stimulants recommended in the treatment 
of paralysis : opium and muriated mercury, 
in doses of a quarter of a grain of each twice 
a day, a blister on the crown of the head, 
and repeated minute electric shocks, passed 
through tlie eyes, are recommended in the 
early stages of this disease. The cataract, 
as requiring a surgical operation, does not 
properly come under consideration. 
Albugo, or opacity of the transparent cor- 
nea, which often remains after inflammation 
or siphilis, may sometimes be removed by re- 
peated blisters on the temples. The long- 
continued use of electricity, and the aqua 
ammoniareti cupris should be introduced 
into the eye, and it will sometimes require 
dilution ; or prepared glass, reduced to an 
impalpable powder in a mortar of agate, 
and mixed with honey or mucilage, is to ba 
applied to the eyes by means of a camel 
hair pencil, two or three times a day. The 
linimentiim sepi® compositum, and infusion 
of Guinea pepper, are recommended in 
strong terms, and are certainly deserving of 
a trial. 
Of deafness the causes are innumerable. 
It may be a defect in the organ of hearing, too 
great dryness of the ear, hardened accumulat- 
ed wax obstructing the passage of sounds ; in- 
flammation of the membrana tympani ; in- 
flammation or obstruction of the eustachian 
tubes; siphilis; and atony, or paralysis of 
of the auditory nerves. When it arises in 
consequence of organic affection, all our en- 
deavours will generally prove fruitless ; but 
when it arises from obstruction of the eusta- 
chiau tube, it will be commonly removed 
by puncturing the membrana tympani : if 
from too great dryness of the ear, a few 
drops of a mixture composed of half an 
ounce of oil of almonds and forty drops of oil 
of turpentine is recommended. It should be 
applied to the internal ear by means of a 
dossil of cotton, taking care to keep the ca- 
vity clean, by wiping it daily with a large 
camel-hair pencil. If it arise from harden-: 
ed wax, the interior cavity must be soften- 
ed by frequently injecting wami water and 
soap, or a solution of sea-salt in as much 
water as will barely dissolve it, which last 
is an excellent solvent of the wax. The car 
may afterwards be cleansed by syringing it 
with warm water. The wax may also be 
softened by occasionally insinuating into 
the ear a few drops of a mixture composed 
of three parts of ox-gall and one part of the 
balsam of Peru. This is also of service 
when there is a fetid discharge from the ear, 
or a diseased state of its secretions. When 
it arises in consequence of inflammation, 
topical blood letting, blisters behind the 
ears, and exclusion of the external air, will 
be necessary. If the disease proceed from 
an affection of the eustachian tubes, stimu- 
lating gargles and injections will be proper, 
at the same time powerful errhines may be 
employed ; and where the patient hears 
better when there is a loud voice, he should 
stop the mouth and nostrils, and force the 
air into the tubes by violent efforts of expi. 
ration ; and if one effort be not suSicient 
for that purpose, he should employ repeated 
ones. When it is induced by atony, or pa- 
ralysis, mther, garlic-juice, and other stimu- 
lants, should be applied by means of a do.ssil 
of cotton: errhines also are of considerable 
utility, and should be snuffed up the nose 
