PAV 
the application of military force could al- 
ways be in the hands of a patriot king, who 
is the first soldier in the land, and would of 
course be entitled to the appellation of a 
patriot soldier. The convulsed state of 
Europe is such, that no country can do 
without soldiers. When they are employed 
to defend, or protect their native land, they 
are patriot soldiers.” See James’s Military 
Dictionary. 
PATROL, in w'ar, a round or march 
made by the guards, or watch, in the night- 
time, to observe what passes in the streets, 
and to secure the peace and tranquillity of a 
city or camp. The patrol generally con- 
sists of a body of five or six men, detached 
from a body on guard, and commanded by 
a Serjeant. Patrols are formed out of the 
infantry, as well as the cavalry. When a 
weak place is besieged, and there is reason 
to apprehend an assault, strong patrols are 
ordered to do duty ; those on foot keep a 
good look out from the ramparts, and those 
that are mounted take care of the out- 
works. 
PATRON, both in the cannon and com- 
mon law, signifies him that hath the gift of 
a benefice or parsonage. 
PATRONYMIC, among grammarians, 
is applied to such names of men and wo- 
men as are derived from those of parents 
or ancestors. Patronymics are derived, 1. 
From the father, as Pelides, i. e. Achilles, 
the son of Peleus. 2. From the mother, as 
Philyrides, i. e. Chiron, the son of Philyra. 
3. From the grandfather on the father’s 
side, as jEacides, i. e. Achilles, the grandson 
of jEacus. 4. From the grandfather by the 
mother’s side, as Atlantiades, i. e. Mercury, 
the grandson of Atlas : and, 5. From kings 
and founders of nations, as Romulid®, i. e. 
the Romans, from their founder. King Ro- 
mulus. 
PAVEMENT, a layer of stone, or other 
matter, serving to cover and strengthen the 
ground of divers places for the more com- 
modious walking on. In London the pave- 
ment for coach- ways is chiefly a kind of gra- 
nite from Scotland: and on the footpath 
Yorkshire paving is used; courts, stables, 
kitchens, halls, churches, &c. are paved usu- 
ally with tiles, bricks, flags, or fire-stones ; 
and sometimes with a kind of free-stone and 
rag-stone. In France, tlie public roads, 
streets, courts, &c. are paved with gres, a 
kind of free-stone. In Venice, the streets, 
&c. are paved with brick; churches some- 
times with marble, and sometimes with Mo- 
saic work. In Amsterdam, and the chief 
PAV 
cities of Holland, they call their brick pav«.> 
ment the bui gomaster’s pavement, to distin- 
guish it from the stone or flint pavement, 
which is usually in the middle of the street, 
serving for the passage of their horses, carts, 
coaches, and other carriages; the brick 
borders being designed for the passage of 
people on foot. Pavements of free-stone, 
flints, and flags, in streets, &c. are laid dry, 
that is, are retained in a bed of sand ; those 
of courts, stables, ground-rooms, &c. are 
laid in mortar of lime and sand, op in lime 
and cement, especially if there be vaults 
or cellars underneath. Some masons, after 
laying a floor dry, especially of brick, 
spread a thin mortar over it, sweeping it 
backwards and forwards, to fill up the 
joints. Thirty-two statute bricks laid flat, 
pave a yard square ; sixty-four edgewise. 
The square tiles used in paving, called pav- 
ing Jrricks, are of various sizes, from six to 
twelve inches square. Pavements of 
churches, &c. frequently consist of stones 
of different colours, chiefly black and white, 
and of several forms, but chiefly square and 
lozenges, artfully disposed. 
Pavement of terrace, is that which 
serves for the covering of a platform, whe- 
ther it be over a vault, or on a wooden 
floor. Those over vaults are usually stones 
squared, and bedded in lead. Those on 
wood are either stones with beds, for 
bridges; tiles, for ceilings in rooms ; or lays 
of mortar, made of cement and lime, with 
flints or bricks laid flat, as is still practised 
by people in the east and south, on the tops 
of their houses. 
PAVETTA, in botany, a genus of the 
Tetrandria Monogynia class and order. Na- 
tural order of Stellatae. Rubiaceae, Jussieu. 
Essential character: corolla one-petalled, 
funnel-form, superior; stigma curved; berry 
two-seeded. 'There are seven .species. 
PAVILION is sometimes applied to 
flags, colours, ensigns, standards, banners, 
&c. See Fi,ag, &c. 
Pavilion, in heraldry, denotes a cover- 
ing in form of a tent, which invests or wraps 
up the armories of divers kings and sove- 
reigns, depending only on God and their 
sword. The pavilion consists of two parts ; 
the top, which is the chapeau, or coronet ; 
and the curtin, which makes the mantle. 
None but sovereign monarchs, according to 
the French heralds, may bear the pavilion 
entire, and in all its parts. Those who are 
elective, or have any dependance, say the 
heralds, must take off the head, and retain 
nothing but the curtains. 
