PHARMACY. 
The lighter powders require thrice their 
weight of honey, or syrup boiled to tlie 
tliickness of iioney, to make tliem into the 
consistence of an electuary : of syrups of 
the common consistence, twice tlie weight 
of the powder is sufficient. 
Where the common syrups are employed, 
it is necessary to add likewise a little con- 
serve, to prevent the compound from can- 
dying and drying too soon. Electuaries of 
Peruvian bark, for instance, made up with 
syrup alone, will often, iii a day or two, 
grow too dry for taking. 
Tliis is owing to the crystallization of the 
sugar. Deyeux, therefore, advises electua- 
ries, confections, and conserves, to be made 
up with syrups from w'hich all the crystalli- 
zable parts have been separated. For this 
purpose, after being sufficiently evapo- 
rated, they are to be exposed to the heat 
of a stove as long as they form any crystals. 
The syrup which remains, probably from 
the presence of some vegetable acid, has 
no tendency to crystallize, and is to be de- 
canted and evaporated to a proper con- 
sistence. In hospital practice, the same 
object may be obtained much more easily 
by using molasses instead of syrups. 
The quantity of an electuary, directed at 
a time, in extemporaneous prescription, va- 
ries much according to its constituent parts, 
but is rarely less than the size of a nutmeg, 
or more than tw'o or three ounces. 
Tlie conserv® are, 
Citri aurantii, Edin.anr. hispalensis, Lond. 
conserve of orange peel. 
Rosas caninae, Edia. cynosbati, Lond. 
conserve of hips. 
Rosas rubra-, Edin. Lond. rosae, Dubl. 
conserve of i cd rose buds. 
Lnjul®, Lond. acelosella;, Dubl. conserve 
of wood sorrel. 
Pluck the leaves from the stalks, the un- 
blown petals from the cups, taking off the 
heels. Take the outer rind of the oranges 
by a grater. 
When prepared in this way, beat them 
with a wooden pestle in a marble mortar, 
first by themselves, afterwards with three 
times tlieir weight of double refined sugar, 
until they be mixed. 
The only exceptions to these general 
directions, which are those of the London 
college, are, that the London college adds 
only twenty ounces of sugar -to one pound 
of the pulp of hips, and that the Dublin 
add only twice their weight of sugar to tlie 
sorrel leaves. La Grange says, that by 
infusing the red rose leaves in four times 
their weight of water, which is afterwards 
to be expressed from them, they lose their 
bitterness, and are more easily reduced to 
a pulp, which he tlien mixes with a thick 
syrup, prepared by dissolving the sugar 
in the expressed liquor, and boiling it down 
to the consistence of an electuary. 
It is scarcely necessary to make any par- 
ticular remarks on these conserves. Their 
taste and virtues are compounded of tliose 
of sugar, and the substance combined with 
it. The wood sorrel and hips are acidulous 
and refrigerant ; the orange-rind and worm- 
wood bitter and stomachic, and the red 
rose buds astringent, 
The electuaries and coufections are as 
follow : 
Flectnarium cassias, Lond. Dnbl. electu. 
ariiim cassiae fistul®, Edin. electuary of 
cassia. 
Electuariiim cassiassenn®, Edin. electu- 
arium sennas, Lond. electuary lenitive. 
Eiectuarium catechu, Edin. electuary of 
catechu. 
Eiectuarium catechu comp. Dubl. elec- 
tuary of catechu, compound. 
Electnarium scammonii, Lond. Dubk 
electuary of scammony. 
Electnarium opiatum, Edin. confectio 
opiata, Lond. electuary of opium, opiate 
confection. 
Confectio aromatica, Lond. aromatic con- 
fection. 
Class XXII. Trochisei, Troches. 
Troches and lozenges are composed of 
powders made up with glutinous substances 
into little cakes, and afterwards dried. 
This form is principally made use of for the 
more commodious exhibition of certain 
medicines, by fitting them to dissolve slowly 
in the mouth, so as to pass by degrees into 
the stomach ; and hence these preparations 
have generally a considerable proportion of 
sugar or other materials grateful to the pa- 
Jate, Some powders have likewise been 
reduced into troches, wiih a view to their 
preservation ; though possibly for no very 
good reasons ; for the moistening, and af- 
terwards drying them in the air, must in 
this light be of greater injury than any ad- 
vantage accruing from this form can coun- 
terbalance. 
Trochisei cret®, Lond. trochisei carbo.- 
natis calcis, Edin. troches of chalk. 
Trochisei glycirrhizae, Lond. Dubl. tro- 
ches of liquorice. 
