62 
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY 
erably. In 1893, 5 more cows were introduced from Bieloviesh. In 
1918 there were about 60 animals there, but according to Professor 
Pax of Breslau the animals in Pless have been severely decimated 
since the German revolution and total extermination is to be feared at 
the hands of poachers. 
The present war between Poland and the Bolsheviki has again 
passed over the Bieloviesh region, continuous disturbances are taking 
place in the Caucasus, and Upper Silesia is in perpetual unrest because 
of the differences and antipathies between Poles and Germans. Besides 
the wisents still extant in Pless, and possibly in Ascania Nova, there 
remain a few specimens in zoological gardens. But, if we sum up, we 
must nevertheless conclude that the extinction of the species is imminent. 
There exists a very extensive hterature upon the wisent, of which a 
few works may be quoted: 
1. Baron de Brincken: Memoire descriptif sur la For^t Imp4riale de Bialowicza 
en Lithuanie. Varsovie, 1828. 
2. von Jarocki, Felix Paul: Zubr oder der lithauische Auerochse. Hamburg, 
1830. 
2. Eichwald, E. : Naturhistorische Skizzen von Lithauen, Volhynien und Podo- 
lien. Wilna, 1830. 
4. Buchner, Eugen: Das allmahliche Aussterben des Wisents im Forste von 
Bjelowjeska. St. Petersburg, 1895. 
5. Bialowies in deutscher Verwaltung. Herausgegeben von der Militarforst- 
verwaltung Bialowies. 1 und 2 Heft, 1917. 3 und 4 Heft, 1918. 5 Heft, 
1919. Berlin. 
Besides countless articles and essays in hunting periodicals, in the literature 
appertaining to the protection of nature, etc. 
Landauerstrasse 4, Berlin Wilmersdorfj Germany. 
