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JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY 
of squirrels but said ‘Hhere was a continuous movement, and possibly an average 
of two entering and two emerging from the water every few minutes for about a 
day.” Mr. Broach stated that there was no food shortage of the Wisconsin 
side of the river, there being an abundant crop of acorns, nuts, and corn. — 
Hartley H. T. Jackson, U. S. Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. 
CAESARIAN OPERATION ON LEPUS ALLENI, AND NOTES ON THE YOUNG 
On March 13, 1920, a female Lepus alleni was shot on the Santa Rita Range 
Reserve, south of Tucson, Arizona, for breeding record. When the body was 
opened, three very large foetuses were discovered, and after a little hesitation 
it was decided to open the uterus and note the condition more definitely. No 
sooner was this done with the first than on the freeing of the head the young 
animal began to breathe precisely as if normally born. After a little further 
hesitation, which nearly resulted fatally for the third youngster, it was further 
decided to release all of them and see whether they would survive. This was 
done as quickly as possible, with the result that in a few moments all three were 
lying across the warm body of the mother in the sunshine, breathing normally; 
and in a surprisingly short time attempting to find a nipple for nursing. In 
actual fact, the first one released from the amnion was attempting to suckle before 
the third one was fully freed. No bleeding whatever occurred when the umbilical 
cords were cut although this was done immediately on releasing them from the 
membranes, which fact would indicate that they must have been normally born 
within a very short time, probably within the ensuing twenty-four hours. As 
the eyes were open from the first, there can be no doubt that they are open at 
normal birth in this species. 
The sun was bright and warm, the hour being 10.00 a.m., and there was scarcely 
a perceptible breeze, so that no difficulty was experienced in keeping the diminu- 
tive jacks warm until they were thoroughly dry. In the meantime they kept 
close up against the now cooling body of the mother, whose nipples they repeat- 
edly sucked upon. However they evidently secured no milk, as none would 
hold to a teat for more than a few seconds. 
Some photographs were taken of them alongside the body of the mother, after 
which they were wrapped carefully and taken to camp on the seat of the car. 
Here for a few hours they were kept warm and contented in the sunshine and 
were fed a small amount of milk from a spoon. During the afternoon they were 
taken on a forty mile trip to Tucson, and established in a box with plenty of 
old woolen blanket for warmth. After several attempts to feed them in various 
ways an ordinary pipette was found to be most satisfactory. About five pipettes 
full of warm cow’s milk, amounting to from 8 to 10 cc., constituted a feed during 
the first day, and three feedings per day were decided upon after some observa- 
tion. The second day condensed milk, diluted with an equal quantity of water, 
was substituted for fresh cow’s milk. 
Owing to the fact that very little exposure would chill the little animals, 
measurements were not taken on the first days of life. All were weighed however, 
and the weights were 108, 103.5, and 90 grams, respectively, at noon of the day 
they were taken. In spite of every care and the use of the same food, the small- 
est did not thrive from the first as the others appeared to do. It ate as much 
