SHEAR — INTELLIGENCE OF THE ORANG-UTAN 
47 
Color . — General greyish, or dusky brown, with no sign of reddish. Slightly 
lighter below, darker round the eyes. 
The distribution of this new form is not at present known. Its presence in 
the Imienpo district so late in September, and the fact that the specimen de- 
scribed above was secured in the house of a Russian peasant, suggest that the 
species hibernates in this region. 
Shanghai, China. 
DISPOSITION AND INTELLIGENCE OF THE ORANG-UTAN 
By W. Henry Shear 
It is difldcult to say which of the two great apes, the chimpanzee or 
the orang-utan, is the larger. I have spent many years studying liv- 
ing specimens in captivity and the mounted skins and skeletons in 
museums, but I am not yet convinced in favor of either. It is prob- 
able, however, that the chimpanzee will average slightly taller than his 
Bornean cousin, but there is scarcely any doubt but what the orang 
will average considerably the heavier of the two. He is much more 
robust in his build. 
I have talked with a number of men who have hunted these two an- 
thropoids, and I have read all the literature available, with a result 
similar to that from my own personal observations. Doctor Horna- 
day’s largest male of the species Pongo wurmbii (if wurmhii be a 
distinct species) measured 4 ft., 6 in. in height. A male of P. satyrus 
measured 4 ft., 4J in., so that there is very little difference in size between 
these two. His largest female measured 4 ft. in height. Joseph S. 
Edwards, the well known exhibitor of rare animals, who has had exten- 
sive experience with the orang as well as with the chimpanzee, and who 
imported the first gorilla that ever reached the United States alive, tells 
me that his brother once sailed from Singapore with seventeen orangs 
and two of them were 5 ft. in height. According to Wallace, the stretch 
of arms of the largest orangs is 7 ft., 8 in. However it has been ver- 
bally stated to me that ‘‘Chief Utan,’’ the great orang that lived in 
the Philadelphia zoological garden a few years ago and whose well- 
mounted skin now adorns the mammal hall in the Academy of Natural 
Sciences of Philadelphia, measured 8 ft., 4 in. from tip of fingers to tip 
of fingers over the outstretched arms. But I have not had the op- 
portunity of verifying these figures. The weights of the largest adults 
range from 120 to 160 pounds. 
