132 
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY 
Palatal length 
Audito-basal length 
Lower tooth row, length 
Zygomatic width 
Upper tooth row, length 
Orbit width 
Mastoid width 
Nasals, length 
Antler length of adults 
Antler length including 13 juve- 
niles 
JMBEB OF 
INDIVIDUALS 
H 
N 
M 
m 
< 
H 
S 
CQ 
P 
X 
MINIMUM SIZE 
a oQ • 
H P 
“ s 8 
H [H O 
1 
^ b 
Q ® 
«s 
•a) M 
EFFICIENT 
)F VARIA- 
JILITY, C. V. 
% 
N B O 
m 
O 
U 
92 1 
17.6 
±0.05 
19.4 
15.5 
19.0 
0.76 
±0.04 
4.318 
±0.21 
91 { 
26.65 
±0.08 
30.2 
23.7 
28.5 
1.21 
±0.06 
4.55 
±0.23 
95 1 
8.31 
±0.03 
9.2 
7.1 
8.2 
0.414 
±0.02 
4.97 
±0.24 
96 1 
11.76 
±0.04 
13.4 
10.4 
13.4 
0.6 
±0.03 
5.107 
±0.24 
96 1 
7.62 
±0.03 
8.5 
6.0 
7.8 
0.41 
±0.02 
5.39 
±0.26 
96 1 
4.27 
±0.02 
4.9 
3.8 
4.0 
0.24 
±0.01 
5.6 
±0.27 
95 1 
9.83 
±0.05 
12.0 
8.4 
10.3 
0.696 
±.034 
7.102 
±.348 
94 1 
9.0 
±0.06 
10.9 
6.1 
9.1 
0.89 
±0.04 
9.9 
±0.5 
95 1 
49.8 
±0.47 
72.5 
38.2 
66.0 
6.87 
±0.34 
13.78 
±0.89 
I— ‘ 
o 
00 
47.6 
±0.57 
72.5 
21.0 
66.0 
8.9 
±0.4 
18.66 
±1.41 
Note . — All measurements in Cms. 
DISCUSSION 
As may be seen at a glance, the most reliable skull measurement in 
this species, perhaps also in the deer family generally, is the palatal 
length, which shows a coefficient of variability (C. V.) of ouly 4.318. 
Next, and very nearly as uniform, is the audito-basal length (ex- 
plained above) with a C. V. of only 4.55. The lower tooth row is less 
variable than the upper, but both these and the zygomatic width are 
substantially of the same value and are all very uniform. 
