221 
SOWERBY — BEARS OF EASTER': ASIA 
This is unfortunate, for the type specimen is a poor one, though, 
taking into consideration its age, it shows the main distinguishing 
characters in the skull of the species. 
In order to show this more clearly, and to remove any possibility of 
doubt as regards the distinctness of the Manchurian black bear from 
any of the more westerly forms, I give the following description and 
measurements of a fully adult female from the I-mien-p’o district of 
North Kirin, whose skin and skull now lie in the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion at Washington. 
Adult 9 . U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 199684. Collector’s number, 723. Locality, 
20 miles north of I-mien-po, N. Kirin, Manchuria. Alt. 700 ft. Shot October 
10th, 1914. Presented to the United States National Museum by Mr. R. S. Clark. 
Measurements in the flesh: — 'Length of head and body, 60 inches; tail, 2.4 
inches; hind foot (s. u.), 7.9 inches; ear, 6 inches. 
Color: — ^Pure black, with well defined white, crescentic collar on the chest, 
extending to the forepart of the shoulder; chin white. 
The hair is long and soft, increasing in length on the sides of the neck and 
head to about 8 inches, giving the appearance of a fine mane. 
Skull 
Inches 
Greatest length 11.83 
Greatest width 7.25 
Inter-orbital space 2.88 
Greatest width of cranium 4.0 
Greatest depth of cranium 3.5 
Width of palate 1.82 
Depth of muzzle. 2.25 
Width of muzzle 2.62 
Length of lower jaw 7.62 
Depth of lower jaw at posterior molar 1.51 
Depth of lower jaw at angle. 4.25 
mm. 
Length of upper posterior molar. 27.0 
Width of upper posterior molar 15.0 
The dorsal outline of the skull is fairly straight, slightly convex about the 
cranium. There is a fairly well pronounced parietal ridge (more pronounced in 
male), and the skull compared with those of other members of the group is nar- 
rower than in the Himalayan form, about the same as in the Moupin form, and 
broader than in the Japanese form. ' 
The teeth, also, especially the canines, and the upper posterior molar, are 
larger than in the other forms. 
Habitat The range of this species probably extends from western 
Manchuria (W. Heilungkiang Province) throughout the forested areas 
of that country, eastward to the Primorsk, north-eastward into Kams- 
