A Eeview of the Land Mollusca of Western Australia. 
57 
somewhat irregular in sparing, the intorstiee.s somewhat obscurely very finely 
grained. The ridges continue into the umbilicus which is open and about one- 
third the diameter of the base. The mouth is subcircular, the outer lip thick- 
ened and reflected, an antelabial ditch jirosent; the columella is arched, re- 
flected a little, and connects with the outer liji by a strong callus. 
[Pleuroxia radiata Hedley 1905. 
1905 — Xunthomeloii radiatum Iledlev, Trans. Kov. Soc. South Austr., Yol. 
XXTX., p. 163, pi. XXX., figs. 4, 5, 6, December. Mt. Davies, Tom- 
kinson Range, and Yusgrave Range.s, t'entral Australia. 
The Tomkinson Range (‘xtends across I he border into Western Australia, 
but Mount Davies is on the Kouth Australian side. The Mann Range is also 
only a short distance on the wrong side of the West Australian border, and in 
the same iraper, Hedley recorded Thersites basedoivi, desc'ribed from the Mus- 
gravo Ranges, and now placed in the family Hadridae, and Xmithomelon 
asperrimum, now regarded as Glijptorbagada, but with a distinct subgenus 
Eximicyrhugadu , was described from the Mann Ranges. These records suggest 
many novelties from the multitude of ranges indicated on the map running 
south-west from the Tomkinson Range to Mt. Margaret, and thence south to 
Kalgoorlie.] 
FAMILY RHAGADIDAE. 
The notabh' Caurine faunula is characterised by many species of mol- 
lusca of a solid chalky a])pearance, many with coloured bands, of normal 
helicoid aspect, quite unlike those from the rest of Australia. 
The typical RJiagada is a small solid striped Helicoid with the umbilieu;-: 
closed by appression of th(‘ columella; the undiilicus is narrow and open in 
the .juvenile but rarely opi'u in the adult, sometimes showing a chink but com- 
monly coni])lelely closed. The only sculj)ture is growth lines and the mouth 
is roundly' Innate', a subbasal tuberdi' '|)resent. Many' species ai’e larger, 
.some more globose, and some with I'egular sculpture aboi’e but the facies of 
all resembles each oilier. This family is utilised lentatively to include some 
sfiecies which are not solid, coming from Ihis Dainpierian Sub-Area. It is 
strange that so far no similar shells have been found in the Xorthern Terri- 
tory. 
The earlie.sf Rhagadoid shells w'ere collected by Ptu'cn and Lesueur, and 
later the collectors with Stokes secured similar shells. Fifty years ago that 
fine collector and entomologist W^. W. Froggatt collected many- sjiecimens in 
the Barrier and Oscar Ranges. A little later an e.xtraordinary addition to 
our knowledge was made by another entomologist, J. J. Walker, whose official 
post was engineer on the surviw'ing vessel Penguin. A|)parently paiMies were 
landed on \arious islets betwemi Broome and Darwin, and this industrious 
collector in his search for insects secured a large number of curious land 
shells. Owing to the donation of this collection to the Brilish Museum the 
curator of molluscs (R. A. Smith) examined them and found so much novelty 
that he prepared a List of the Land Shells of Western Australia, the onl'v 
monographic attempt made. Twenty years ago Dr. H. Basedow explored the 
Na|)ier Range and again many land shells were procured. Although the gen- 
eral locality “Xapier Range” was the same for Froggatt’s and Basedow’s col- 
lections Uiere was .so much discrepancy in the material that it became impera- 
tive to investigate their collecting grounds a,s otherwise recorded. 
The localities visited by W. W. Froggatt are given in the Proc. Linn. 
Soc., N.S.W., Ser. 2, Yol. lY., pt. 2, p. 199, Sept. 20, 1889, as follows:— (1) 
