8 
CRETACEOUS CILIOEODA 
of two layers with the orifices of the cells on the broad and external sides of 
tlie branches. 
The name Eschara must be restricted to those forms which possess elongate 
nrceolate cells, with or Avithout any accessory pores, and rvith the surface finely or 
more largely porose ; therefore, d’Orbi guy’s genera Escharella, Escharellina, 
Escharipora, Porellina, and others like Pliophlcea, Gabb and II., &c., are to be 
considered as synonyms. But there are several other species which appear to 
deserve to be classed in special genera or snb-gcncra, as is tlie case Avith the tAVo 
or three folloAAdug. I almost think it Avonld be better to regard them merely as 
snb-genera of Eschara, but observations on living species are necessary to aid in the 
decision of this question. 
2ff. Bnskea,* Heller, 18C7, (Verb. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch., XA'ii, p. 89,) has 
the colonics AAutli cylindrical branched stems composed of elongate mceolate cells ; 
it corresponds to Vincularia of the next sub-family. 
3. Escharifora, d’Orb., 1851. 
Colonies branched, in Iavo opposite layers. Cells quadrangular, with the 
apertm’cs transA’ersc in a slight depression, bcloAV which the surface is more or less 
tumescent, arranged in V - form series. 
IVhen the cell surface is mucli Avorn off, this genus is almost inseparable from 
Fliistrella, which represents it in the next sub-family. 
•1. Eorina, d’Orb., 1851. 
Colonics branched ; cells arranged in tAvo opposite layers, or all round the stem, 
urceolatc, often not distinctly separated from each other, and provided Avith a 
more or less tubular aperture. 
As one of the most typical species of this genus, I quote d’Orbi guy’s Eorina 
filiformis. 
5. Eolyeschara, Reuss, 1807. Sitzungsb. Akad. M. N. Klasse, Wien, Vol. Iv, 
pt. i, p. 220. 
Cells nrceolate, arranged in double or more superposed layers on branching 
stems, separated by a lamina in the centre. Type, P. confasa, Reuss, from loAver 
oligocmn beds. 
In addition to these genera, it may be useful to retain Lanceopora and a 
few others. 
0. Celleporaria, Lamx., 1821. 
Colonies incrusting, often partially free, forming round, lafnellar or branched 
masses, composed of numerous, more or less regularly, superimposed layers of 
urceolatc cells. 
Although I readily admit that some species of Celleporarice retain to a certain 
extent a constant form in groAvth, I haAm great doubts, -since I had opportunity of 
examining and observing a great number of living species,- that it aaIU be possible 
to assign a generic value to such forms as have been separated by d’Orbigny under 
* Not Buskia, Reuss, 1804, Sitz. M. N. Klasse, Akad., AVien, vol. L, p. 077. 
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