46 
president’s ADDRESS — SECTION E. 
authentic kinos from the trees in their neighbourhood, place them in 
their group, and determine their composition. They could then with 
facility meet any demand that might spring up for them, or create a 
demand. Kinos of the Gummy group, of course, are unsuitable for 
tinctures, and in laying in a stock of them the kinos of each group 
should be kept separate and away from the light. The only Australian 
kino for which there is a steady demand at the present time is that of 
the Murray lied Gum (. E . restrain , Schl.) Eishermen and others chop 
a few chips from the trees, and extract the liquid kino. It is caught 
in jars, dries, and is sold principally in Melbourne. 
Besides those of Eucalyptus we have kinos of dngopkora* both 
solid and liquid. Jn addition to these we have a number of astringent 
exudations from Gasuarlna , Baloghia , Cer atop et alum , Rhizophora , 
Millet ia } &c., which are of scientific interest. 
EUCALYPTUS OIL 
The scientific investigation of individual Eucalyptus Oils is in a 
very incomplete state, and from the special circumstances connected 
with them Australian chemists possess peculiar advantages for their 
examination. They afford a peculiarly tempting subject for research. 
The Oleum Eucalypti of the British Pharmacopoeia of 1885 is 
defined as “ the oil distilled from the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus 
globulus , Labill., Eucalyptus amygdalina , Labill., and probably other 
species of Eucalyptus . 
“ Characters and Tests. — Colourless or pale straw-coloured, becom- 
ing darker and thicker by exposure. It has an aromatic odour, and a 
spicy and pungent flavour, leaviug a sensation of coldness iu the 
mouth. It is neutral to litmus paper. Specific gravity about O’OOO. 
Soluble in about an equal weight of alcohol.” 
The unsatisfactoriness of this definition is recognised by the 
British Pharmaceutical Conference, for in Question 14 (1894 meeting) 
it is stated, “01. Eucalypti, B.P., a more precise definition of this 
oil is required.” I very much regret that the researches on the 
numerous substances known as Eucalyptus Oil are not sufficiently com- 
plete to be available to the committee appointed to prepare the new 
Pharmacopoeia. Whatever the decision arrived at as regards standards 
for this oil it must necessarily be based on imperfect information. 
Without taking note of well-marked varieties, there are in Aus- 
tralia about 150 different kinds of Eucalypts. A large number of these 
yield oii, or are capable of yielding it commercially ; even yet, with 
all the work that has been lavished on them, we have no accurate 
knowledge of 10 per cent, of these oils. We have accurate (and more 
or less complete) knowledge of thoso of E . globulus , Labill., E. amyg- 
dalina , Labill., E. cneorifolia , E. maculata, var. citriodora , and meagre 
knowledge of a few others. Why? Mainly because of the difficulty 
of obtaining authentic material for research, except from stills situate 
in the midst of a forest of Eucalyptus of one species and no other. I 
am perfectly certain from my own tests, and from my botanical 
knowledge of the districts from which oils labelled in a particular way 
were obtained, that the oils of many workers are often mixed oils. In 
* Proc. R.S. Viet., 1889, 82 ; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.SAV [2], v. 
