ao 'the Art of ' 
Adarke if the tree be forward or not. 
Y e ought to confider alwayef, whether the tree be forward or 
nocj or to begraffed foon or latewardj and to give him a gralfe ' 
of the like hafte or nowneflfe : even lo ye muft ma; ke the time, whe- 
ther it be flow or forward . 
^ tf'ben one will grafe^what necepriet he ought to he furnipd mtbalL 
W Henfoever ye go to g raffing, fee ye be firft furniffied with 
graffe?, clay and mofle clothes or barkes of fallow to bind 
likewife wiihilK AKo ye muft have a fmall faw,and a Iharpc knife, 
to cleave and cut graffes withall. But it were much better if you 
fiiould cut your graffes with a great, penknife or fome other like 
ffiarp knife, having alfo a fmall wedge of hard wood j or of Iron, 
with a hooked knife, and alfo a fmall mallet. And your wild ftocks 
muft be well rooted before ye do graffe them ' and be not fo quick 
to deceive your felves, as thole which do graffe and plant all at 
one time; yet they ffiall not profit fo well; for where the wild ftock 
hath not fubftance in himfclfe, muchleffeto give unto the other 
graffes, for when a man thinkes lometimcs to forward himfclfe, 
he doth hinder himfelf. 
Of graffes not proffringihefirjl year. 
Y e (hall underhand, that very hardly your graffes lhall profper 
after if they do not profit or profper well in the firft year; for 
whenfoever (in the firft year) they profit well, it were better to 
graffe them fomewhat lower then to let them fo remaine and 
grow. 
Forte graffe well and found. 
A Nd for the beft underftanding of grafting in the cleft, ye 
Jl \ lhall firft cut away all the fmall Cions above the body of the 
ftock beneath; and befere y< begin to cleave your ftock, drefle and 
cut your graffes fomewhat thick and ready; then cleave your ftock, 
and as the cleft is fmall or great (if need be) part it fmooth with- 
in; then cut your incilion of your graffes accordingly, and fet them 
in the clefts as even and as clofc as ye can poffibly* 
How to trlmyour gr a fes,. 
'y'E may graffe your graffes full as long as two or three trunchi- 
ons, or cut graffes, which ye may, likewife graffe withall very 
well, and be as goad as thofe which do come of old wood, and of- 
ten times better, as to graffe a bough; for often it fo happeneth, a 
ananlhallfindofOykts oreyeshardby theold flenderwood, yet 
heter 
