AGRICULTURE. 
toes, the planting in old and exhausted 
grounds, and too near the surface, or the 
small shoots of the sets being broken off be- 
fore planting. Where certainty on any in- 
teresting subject cannot be obtained, the 
hints of the judicious are always desirable. 
The methods most successfully exercised for 
the prevention of the curl, are, to cut the 
sets from smooth, ripe potatoes, of the mid- 
dle size, which have been kept particularly 
dry, to guard against the rubbing off the 
first shoots, and to plant them rather deeply 
in fresh earth, with a mixture of quick 
lime. 
No plant thrives better even in the coldest 
part of this island than the turnip, and none 
are more advantageous to the Soil. Its in- 
troduction was an improvement of the most 
valuable nature. There is no soil which will 
not produce it, When previously prepared 
for it by art ; but the gravelly one is best of 
all adapted to it. No root requires a finer 
mould than the turnip, and with a view to 
this object the land intended for it should be 
exposed to frost by ribbing it after the 
harvest. The season for sowing must be 
regulated by the time intended for feed- 
ing, the later from the first of June to 
the end of July, in proportion to the de- 
signed protraction of this feeding. The 
field should be first ploughed by a shallow 
furrow. Lime, if necessary, should be then 
harrowed into it. Single furrows, at the 
interval of three feet, should be drawn, 
and dung laid in them, which should be 
then covered by going round it with the 
plough, and forming the three-feet spaces 
into ridges. Wider rOws answer no pro- 
fitable object, and with straiter ones a 
horse has not room to walk. Thick sowing 
is far better than thin, bearing better the 
depredations of the fly, and forming also a 
protection against drought. The weeds 
may, in many cases, be most effectually 
extirpated by women, without injuring the 
Crop ; and the standing turnips Should be 
left at twelve inches distance from each 
other. On average seasons, with good pre- 
paration, the produce from this number per 
acre may be considered as amounting to 
fbl'ty-six tons of valuable nourishment. For 
preservation, they may be stacked with 
Straw ; and forty-two tons may be thus 
secured by one load of straw, or of stubble 
and old haulm. A method preferred by 
many is that of sowing late crops, even in 
August, by which a succession of them re- 
mains on the field to be consumed on the 
spot, even so late as the ensuing May, and 
the advantage of having turnips good tiii 
the spring grasses are ready for food has 
greatly encouraged this practice. To pre- 
vent the devastations of the fly, the most 
destructive enemy to a crop o'f turnips, the 
most effectual method, as little dependance 
can be placed on Steepings, or on fumiga- 
tions, is to sow the seed at such a season 
that they may be well grown before the ap- 
pearance of the insect ; and by well dung- 
ing and manuring the ground, to hasten 
their attainment of the rough leaf in which 
the fly does not at all affect them. New 
seed, it may also be observed, vegetates 
more rapidly and vigorously than old; and 
the more healthy and vigorous the plants 
are, the more likely they are to escape de- 
predation. The sowing of turnips with 
grain is by many recommended in this con- 
nection, and stated to be highly effica- 
cious. 
The culture of cabbages for cattle is a 
"subject well meriting the attention of the 
agriculturist. The cabbage is subject to 
few diseases, and resists frost more easily 
than the turnip. It is palatable to cattle, 
and sooner fills them than carrots or pota- 
toes ; and, in every respect but one, cab- 
bages are superior tO turnips. On all soils 
they require manure ; whereas, on good 
land, turnips may be raised without it. 
Fifty-four tons have been raised upon an 
acre of ground, not worth more than twelve 
shillings per annum. Some lands have pro- 
duced sixty-eight. The time of setting 
them depends on their intended use. If for 
feeding in November, plants, procured front 
seed sown in the end of July in the former 
year, must be set in March or April ; if for 
feeding in March, April, and May, they 
must be set in the beginning of the preced- 
ing July, from seed sown in the previous 
February. Repeated transplantation may 
be applied to them with singular advantage. 
When they are of the large species, four 
feet by two and a half are a full distance 
for them. The best protection for them 
from the caterpillar, by which these and 
greens in general are apt particularly to be 
injured, is to pull Off the large under-leaves, 
(which may be given to cows with great 
benefit) on which the eggs of those in- 
sects are usually deposited. Sowing beans 
among the cabbages is also considered a 
most effectual preventive of the nuisance. 
Carrots require a deeper soil than any 
other root, and when the soil does not 
naturally extend to the depth of twelve 
inches, equally good throughout, it must 
