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ANATOMY. 
third, or inferior maxillary, is distributed to 
the lower jaw and adjacent parts. 
6th pair. Nervi motores extern! ; from 
the medulla oblongata to the external 
straight muscle of the eye. 
7tli pair. Nervi auditorii. This pair con- 
sists of two nerves lying in contact, but 
completely distinct from each other, both 
in their origin, course, and distribution. 
The portio mollis of this nerve is distributed 
to the labyrinth of the ear. The portio dura 
goes through the temporal bone, and is very 
widely spread over the face. These nerves 
are more correctly termed nervus audito- 
rius, and nervus facialis. The chorda tym- 
pani is a branch of communication between 
the facial nerve and tire lingual branch 
of the inferior maxillary. 
8th pair. Par vagum; arises from the 
medulla spinalis, before it quits the cra- 
nium. It receives an accessory branch, 
that originates from the upper portion of 
the medulla spinalis, contained in the cervi- 
cal vertebrae. The par vagum passes along 
the neck, in company with the carotid ar- 
tery and the internal jugular vein. It sends 
off in the npper part of the neck, 1. the 
glossopharyngeal nerve; 2. superior lar- 
yngeal ; and 3. the accessory branch. The 
trunk then enters the chest, and gives rise 
to the inferior laryngeal or recurrent nerve. 
It afterward s becomes connected to the oeso- 
phagus, and passes the diaphragm in con- 
junction with that tube, to be distributed 
finally to the stomach ; sending in its pas- 
sage several branches which supply the 
lungs. 
9th pair. Nervi linguales arise near the 
former, go through the foramen condyloi- 
deum, and supply the muscles of the tODgue. 
Nerves of the medulla spinalis . — The cer- 
vical nerves, soon after they come out 
from between the vertebrae, communicate 
with each other. They supply all the mus- 
cles which are situated about the vertebrae 
of the neck. The second sends a large 
branch which ramifies extensively over the 
occiput. 
The nerve of the diaphragm, called the 
phrenic or diaphragmatic, arises principally 
from the fourth cervical nerve. It lies 
close on the anterior scalenus muscle, 
then goes over the pericardium to the dia- 
phragm. 
The four lower cervical nerves, and the 
first dorsal, concur in forming the axillary 
plexus, from which the upper extremity de- 
rives its supply. These are large nervous 
trunks, coming out at the side of the neck, 
and variously united to each other. They 
go behind the clavicle with the axillary ar- 
tery. This plexus sends off the following 
branches. 
1. Nervi thoracici, accompanying the 
thoracic arteries. 
2. Nervus supra-scapularis, distributed 
with the artery of the same name. 
3. Nervus axillaris, following the course 
of the posterior circumflex artery. 
4. Cutanens interims, running over the 
brachial artery to the elbow, and then rami- 
fying under the skin of the inner side of the 
fore-arm. 
5. Cataneus extemas, distributed along 
the outer side of the fore-arm. 
6. Median nerve, a large trunk accom- 
panying the brachial artery, then proceed- 
ing to the hand, and supplying the thumb, 
with the two neighbouring fingers, and the 
radial side of the ring finger. 
7. Radial nerve, bends round the os hu- 
meri, from the inner to the outer side of the 
bone ; it is distributed superficially to the 
back of the hand and fingers. 
8. Ulnar nerve, accompanying the nerve 
of the same name to the hand, where it sup- 
plies the little finger and the ulnar side of 
the ring finger. 
The twelve pairs of dorsal nerves supply 
the muscles in their neighbourhood. They 
give also numerous brandies of communica- 
tion to the great sympathetic. 
The five pairs of lumbar nerves send 
branches to the neighbouring muscles, and 
give communicating filaments to the great 
sympathetic. They also produce two nerves 
distributed to the front of the thigh; viz. 
the anterior crural, which goes out of the 
pelvis near the external iliac artery, and has 
an extensive distribution to the thigh and 
leg ; and the obturator nerve, which belongs 
also to muscles on the front of the thigh. 
The sacral nerves give communicating 
branches to the great sympathetic ; and se- 
veral filaments to the organs of generation 
in both sexes, to the bladder, rectum, &c. 
They mostly however unite to form the 
great sciatic nerve, which is the largest 
trunk in the body. It goes out of the pel- 
vis at the back part, and passes to the thigh. 
Here it sometimes is pressed by the weight 
of the body in sitting, and causes the effect 
of the foot going to sleep, as it is expressed’ 
in common language. This nerve is distri- 
buted to the back of the thigh, and over 
the whole leg and foot. 
Great sympathetic or intercostal nerve . — 
It is first formed by a small filament of 
the 6tii pair, or nervus motor externus, to- 
gether with another derived from the pte- 
